上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷(锦集8篇)

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以下是小编整理的上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷(锦集8篇)，欢迎阅读与收藏。

第一篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

上海市虹口区2018届高三一模语文试卷

一、句子默写

按要求填空。

（1）__________________________，师不必贤于弟子。（韩愈《师说》）

（2）鸟雀呼晴，________________________________。（周邦彦《____________》）

（3）李商隐的《夜雨寄北》中“何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时”以想象表达憧憬，抒发思念之情，曲折深婉，余味无穷。杜甫《月夜》中运用了同样手法的一联是“_________________________________ ，_____________________________。”

二、选择题

下列各句中，所引诗词符合语境的一项是（）

A.“不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层”，只要我们掌握了正确的思维方法，认识达到了一定的高度，便能透过现象看到本质，就不会被假象迷惑。

B.“问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来。”长江之所以波澜壮阔是因为不拒绝细流，学习也是如此，广泛汲取知识才能丰富自己。

C.在奋斗过程中，我们必定会经受许多挫折和失败，只要我们坚信“行到水穷处,坐看云起时”，树立信心，鼓足勇气，一定会有成功的一天。

D.爷爷生日寿宴上，小明激情洋溢地说：“‘花甲喜循环，风霜变老颜’，感谢大家百忙之中来参加我爷爷的古稀寿宴，让我们一起祝福爷爷生日快乐！ ”

填入下面语段空白处的语句，最恰当的一项是（）

盛唐的书法，不再只是坚持“楷”的端正，不再只是坚持“楷”的法度,_________。颜真卿的《祭侄文稿》是领略唐代书法“尚意”美学的最好作品。

A.书写者也开始追求内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化

B.也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求书写者内在情绪真实的表现

C.书写者也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求内在情绪真实的表现

D.开始追求书写者内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化

三、现代文阅读

阅读下文，完成小题

和谐天人：对自然的亲近

――感悟我们身边的传统节日

①今天，我们为什么还要过传统节日？在今天的历史条件下，我们怎样过传统节日？

②为了让我们的话题变得轻松，先来个“说文解字”吧！“节日”这词从哪里来，是怎么组合成的？“节”字的原义是什么？节日的“节”字，原本指竹子长叶、分叉的那个地方。竹节的“节”是本义，节日的“节”，则已经是引申。了解这一点，我们就能明白：原来，我们祖先是用竹子来比喻我们的过日子，平常的日子就像竹筒，滑溜溜的，一晃就过去了，节日就是竹节部分，我们不愿让所有日子都这么“滑”掉，我们要抓住一些特殊的日子好好过，精心过，不一样地过。

③那么，哪些日子被我们的祖先派定作为我们日常生活这根“竹子”上的“节”呢？

④派定哪些日子作为节日，东西方很不一样，西方的节日每每总是同历史上的人事相关，无论是圣诞节、万圣节还是情人节；中国却不是这样。似乎西方的节日是人和人商量定的，中国的节日却是________。

⑤中国的岁时节日，源头大致有三：其一是按季节气候排定，即二十四节气，比如清明、冬至；二是以月之朔望为节，故某月的初一、十五为节日者颇多，尤其是满月的元宵节和中秋节，为人们所喜爱和重视；三是月和日奇数复叠者，这就是：正月初一新年、三月初三上巳、五月初五端午、七月初七七夕、九月初九重阳。这些是“大节”，另外还有一些“小节”，比如“二月二龙抬头”，二月十二“百花节”，六月六“晒衣节”，可过可不过，所以叫“不拘小节”。七月十五中元节后来成为佛教节日，另当别论。

⑥一年四季十二个月，季季有节日，月月有节日。节日均衡分布四季，行事充分体现中国人对自然的亲近、对生命的关怀和对人情的呼唤。中国人顺应自然，但又不被动依赖，又能有所作为，相信谋事在人，成事在天，所谓“能动地适应”。我们按照自然节律生活、劳动、恋爱、生育，春种夏锄，秋收冬藏。传统节日的设置顾及日月星辰、四季更替、地球和人类之间的关系。中国传统节日是先民们时间意识自觉的产物，是中国人“天人合一”世界观的具体体现。

⑦这里所谓的“天”泛指大自然。从节日的派定看，中国人是多么重视天、重视天象、重视天意！一月一“元旦”，一年中第一个冉冉升起的旭日；三月三上巳，蛇开始活跃了，让我们亲近春水；五月五端午，毒虫百脚需要好好对付，才能平安度夏；七月七是星星的节日，中秋是月亮的节日，九月九，登山去，斑斓的秋山是一年中的最美。原来，中国的节日尽是太阳的、月亮的、星星的、山的、水的、春的夏的秋的冬的节日。元霄节看起来比较关“人事”一些，它是灯节，足够闹腾，但究其实质，“闹元霄”就是“闹春耕”，是个关乎大地、关乎农耕、关乎丰收的节日，同样与自然关系密切。

⑧我国的岁时节日还非常强调“节物”，比如，梅花是新年的节物，桃花是三月三（后与清明合并）的节物，石榴花是端午的节物，桂花属于中秋，菊花属于重阳。中国古代诗人的节日诗篇，无一不对节物作出描写、加以歌颂。

⑨另一种“节物”则体现在人们的食桌上。新年的饺子（北方麦作文化）年糕（南方稻作文化）、元霄的汤圆、清明的青团、端午的粽子、七夕的巧果、中秋的月饼、九月九的重阳糕，包括腊月初八的腊八粥，凡此等等，都与日常食桌相关。

⑩“节物”每每是当令之物，当令的花卉，当令的食品，其实是大自然母亲为她的孩子们奉献的一道道盛宴――给眼睛的，给嘴巴的，给身心两面的。所以，节物又有个更感性的名字叫：节日媚物。

过去，我们与大自然是多么接近，我们对大自然是那么的敬重。我们惊讶起来的时候，叫的不是“天呐”就是“妈呀！”（现在叫“哇塞”），将天和母亲等同起来。我们管天叫“老天爷”、“天公”，准备出去旅游时遇到好天气叫“天公作美”，般配的情侣叫“天生一对”，最恶毒的骂是“天杀的”，最聪明的叫“天才”。老子说：“人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。”我们从大自然那里曾经学到了多少东西！

如今，全人类的一个关键词是“环境保护”。“环保”不只是谁排污谁受罚的问题，还有更加基本、更加重要的事要做，比如：保护我们健康的传统文化，恢复和发扬我们的传统中向大自然学习、与大自然和睦相处的种种心态与生活方式。

1.第②段中，作者“说文解字”的用意是___________________________________________。

2.根据上下文，第④段横线处应填写的内容是___________________________________。

3.下列说法符合文意的一项是（）

A.中国的岁时节日，既有一些值得重视的“大节”，也有一些可过可不过的“小节”。

B.一年四季十二个月，季季有节日，月月有节日，体现了中国人对节日由衷的喜爱。

C.中国传统节日是先民们自我意识自觉的产物，是中国人“天人合一”世界观的具体体现。

D.从节日的派定看，中国人非常重视天、重视天象、重视天意，而不大关心“人事”。

4.请说说你对“节日媚物”这个现象的理解。

5.本文洋溢着节日的欢乐气氛，请结合内容分析其语言特色。

（二）阅读下文，完成下面小题。

载将烟雨过西湖

陈富强

在湖畔，找一处有石桌、石椅的廊檐下坐了，与茶楼掌柜的招呼了，便会有着中式小衫的茶艺小姐款步而来。曲径上枯叶花瓣撒了一地，枝繁叶茂的樟树在风中从容地摇曳，长发细腰的茶艺小姐托着茶盘柳样地穿过回廊，飘到眼前，疑是廊下的镂空格窗里走下来一个宋朝的女子。她将盖碗茶朝桌上搁了，掀了盖，拎起茶壶，壶嘴对准茶碗，手腕往前一倾，就有水流如注，茶叶已在碗里跳起来，舞起来，绿色的叶儿如袍，在水中缓缓地舒展。

端起茶碗，茶香缕缕，左手端碗，右手持盖，轻啜一口，满口含香，这是西湖水泡的龙井茶，只有在湖畔，在柳丝狂舞，绿草萋迷的迥廊里，才找得到的可以静心静脑的好地方。好茶好水好景色，再把心掏出来浸入湖中，若有雨，山也迷朦水也迷朦，湖边阵阵绿雾，人也朦胧，梦一样的飘渺。这一刻，心在水里自由地游荡。

说下雨，就真的下了。春天的西湖总是这样的恼煞人，我却笑看雨中的游人双手捂头，叫着，骂着，往浓荫下跑，朝屋檐下躲。也有浪漫的，相携着一路走来，雨水冲洗着脸上的笑容，却怎么也冲不掉一脸的灿烂。再去看湖面，撒满了涟漪、漩涡，数也数不清，圆圆的，好像女子脸上的酒涡，抹也抹不去，是不是有美女无数在湖中笑？惹恼了岸上的女子，不然，她的眉怎么就弯了起来？

当年苏东坡酒后上了望湖楼，下着雨，醉醺醺地，就留下了百读不厌的诗篇。诗中有“白雨跳珠乱入船。望湖楼下水如天。”雨如珍珠，蹦跳着跃进了小船，划船的船娘笑得弯下了腰。苏东坡挥毫的时侯，两旁笔墨侍候的必定是美丽的女子，宋朝的女子望穿秋水，看不看得见湖里的草鱼快乐地游来游去？

雨从檐上往下流，织成的.帘子把我与湖面隔在了两边，我的心在湖里，我的双眼盯着雨帘，于是，我看到了雨帘是竖琴上的弦，宋朝女子的纤手在一千年前拨动了琴弦，我的耳边响起清越的丝竹，这是飘过了千年的音乐，依然好听，琴声里的柳枝绿了，桃花红了，女子的幔幕香车上路了。一路行去，如蝶翩翩，杨柳叶子，李花瓣儿落满了车顶，帘儿掀起，露出一张如画姿容，远看若生花白玉，近视如含笑芙蓉，整个儿沉鱼落雁，怎么看也看不够的红粉佳人。看呆了的行人忽见美人开颜一笑，吟出一诗，“燕引莺招柳夹途，章台直接到西湖。春花秋月如相访，家住西泠妾姓苏。”原来是色貌绝伦的钱塘苏小小。

香车行至白堤，忽见一英俊少年骑青骢马从断桥方向缓缓而来，山光水色之间，一个郎才，一个女貌，为后人留下了一见钟情，不恋富贵觅真情，有情人终成眷属的民间传奇。

西泠桥畔人流不息，如此山水陪伴一位妓家女子，何故？我想这与苏小小对个体生命高度重视的思想不无关系。

雨丝依旧若琴弦，是谁在小小墓前歌吟？“幽兰露，如啼眼。无物结同心，烟花不堪剪。草如茵，松如盖。风为裳，水为佩。油壁车，夕相待。冷翠烛，劳光彩。西陵下，风吹雨。”是李贺。这样凄艳的诗词，我还能在古典的书籍中找到很多，此刻，我独坐湖畔听雨，从前的故事穿云破雾，在我眼前的湖面上溅起数不清的水花，这些古典的花朵，在竖琴的奏鸣中缓缓开放。

茶凉了，我转过头去，沏茶的女子双手托腮，伏在柜台上望着湖上的水花……

雨越下越大了，湖面上已看不见圆圆的涟漪，从廊檐垂下的雨线变成急速的水柱，冲在地上发出“哗哗”的声音。天色惭惭黯淡下来，堤上的灯渐次亮起，在雨中，一盏，又一盏，一直伸向浓荫的深处。雨声在我的耳边响成一片，急管繁弦，架子鼓般，弥漫了整个湖区。茶馆已经打烊，撑伞的女子已经回家，只有红灯笼亮了，在风中慢慢地摇曳。我坐在石桌旁，已经没有了盖碗茶，西泠桥畔的凉亭和墓碑在雨中无言而歌，歌唱的是西湖的雨。千年的往事成为一座亭子，一块墓碑。成为一座美丽的桥。成为手中一杯渐凉的茶，一阵风中的雨。

夜静雨止，我离开回廊，循着一地灯光踏上回家的路。夜色遮住了一切，只有灯光，在岸上，在水中。蓦然，我想起，我把心遗忘在湖里了。低头看时，已不知“踏过樱花第几桥”。

1.简析第段中加点词“飘”的精妙之处。

2.分析第段中划线句的表达效果。

3.怎样理解文章结尾：“蓦然，我想起，我把心遗忘在湖里了。”这句话？

4.简析本文“形散神聚”的结构特点。

四、诗歌鉴赏

阅读下文，完成小题。

咏怀（其四十三）

（三国・魏）阮籍①

鸿鹄相随飞，飞飞适荒裔。

双翮临长风，须臾万里逝。

朝餐琅\\②实，夕宿丹山际。

抗身青云中，网罗孰能制。

岂与乡曲士，携手共言誓。

【注】

①阮籍（210年-263年），三国魏人。字嗣宗。陈留（今属河南）尉氏人。竹林七贤之一。曾任步兵校尉，世称阮步兵。

②琅\\：中国神话传说中的仙树，其实似珠。

1.本诗从体裁上看，属于____体诗。

以下不能作为本题判断依据的一项是（）

A.时代；B.韵脚；C.句数；D.平仄

2.对本诗赏析不正确的一项是（）。

A.“鸿鹄”两句使用了三个“飞”，描摹强调了鸿鹄群飞的景象。

B.“双翮”两句以“凌”和“须臾”，强调鸿鹄高飞远翔的姿态。

C.“朝餐”两句从食物与栖所两方面，写出了鸿鹄的现实习性。

D.“抗身”二句运用反问，语气强烈，收束了前面六句的描绘。

3.刘勰在《文心雕龙》中评价阮籍的诗“阮旨遥深”。请结合这一观点赏析本诗。

五、文言文阅读

阅读下文，完成下面小题。

①兴宗①年十岁失父，哀败有异凡童。廓罢豫章郡还，起二宅。先成东宅，与轨；廓亡而馆宇未立，轨罢长沙郡还，送钱五十万以补宅直。兴宗白母曰：“―家由来丰俭必共，今日宅价不宜受也。”母悦而从焉。轨有愧色，谓其子淡曰：“我年六十，行事不及十岁小儿。”少好学，以业尚素立见称。

②世祖践阼，迁侍中，每正言得失，无所顾惮，由是失旨。竟陵王诞据广陵城为逆，事平。州别驾范义与兴宗素善，在城内同诛。兴宗至广陵，躬自收殡，致丧还豫章旧墓。上闻之，甚不悦。庐陵内史周朗以正言得罪，锁付宁州，亲戚故人，无敢瞻送；兴宗在直，请急，诣朗别。上知尤怒。时上方盛淫宴，虐侮群臣，唯兴宗以方直见惮，不被侵r。

③大明末前废帝即位兴宗时亲奉玺绶嗣主容色自若了无哀貌。兴宗出谓亲故曰：“鲁昭在戚而有嘉容②，终之以衅结大臣，昭子请死。国家之祸，其在此乎。”顷之，太宗定大事。是夜，废帝横尸在大医阁口。

④初，吴兴丘珍孙言论常侵兴宗。珍孙子景先，人才甚美，兴宗与之周旋。及景先为鄱阳郡，值晋安王子勋为逆，转在竞陵，为吴喜所杀。母老女稚，流离夏口。兴宗至墨州，亲自临哭，致其丧柩家累，令得东还。

⑤后都督会稽军事。会稽多诸豪右，不遵王宪。兴宗皆以法绳之。三吴旧有乡射礼，久不复修，兴宗行之，礼仪甚整。

⑥泰豫元年，薨，时年五十八。

【注】①.蔡兴宗，南朝刘宋名臣。其父蔡廓、伯父蔡轨。

②.春秋时期鲁昭公在父丧期间面带喜悦,不知悲戚，最终被逐。

1.写出下列加点词在句中的意思。

（1）兴宗在直，请急，诣朗别

（2）兴宗皆以法绳之

2.为下列句中加点词语选择释义正确的一项。

由是失旨（）

A.美好；B.命令；C.心意；D.意义

3.为下列句中加点词语选择释义正确的一项。

兴宗与之周旋（）

A.应酬；B.对抗；C.追逐；D.交际

4.第③段画线部分断句正确的一项是（）

A.大明末前/废帝即位/兴宗时亲奉玺绶/嗣主容色自若/了无哀貌

B.大明末前/废帝即位兴宗/时亲奉玺绶嗣主/容色自若/了无哀貌

C.大明末/前废帝即位/兴宗时亲奉玺绶/嗣主容色自若/了无哀貌

D.大明末/前废帝即位兴宗/时亲奉玺绶嗣主/容色自若/了无哀貌

5.把下面的句子译成现代汉语。

庐陵内史周朗以正言得罪，锁付宁州，亲戚故人，无敢瞻送

6.第①段中蔡轨有“惭色”的根本原因是（)

A.作为长辈，未照顾好孤儿寡母。

B.拿了五十万钱补偿建房资金。

C.年龄大，见识少，比不上兴宗。

D.没能有丰俭与共的家族意识。

7.从②-⑤段看，蔡兴宗是一个什么样的人。

阅读下文，完成小题。

《洞庭①游记》序

明・文震孟②

①游有四快，而天时之宜，风月之美，眺览之奇不与焉。游当茹素之期，不以酒肉丝竹尘点山灵，一快也。又当沦弃之日，山中好事之家，无相物色者，草衣衲侣，游乃益清，二快也。穷林屋之胜，至于烟迷径绝，田夫野老，惊相告语，奔走救援，此犹足以征人心焉，三快也。以余耳目所及之名公，若冯元成先生游记遍天下，独遗几席之洞庭。至张伯起、周公瑕、王百谷，皆未尝泛石公、龙渚之棹③。惟赵隐君凡夫④仅一至____。其他游者不能记，记者不能尽。即m州之文⑤，亦似寥寒未称。而孟长⑥雄词伟藻，直与缥缈、莫厘⑦争高竞爽，吞今掩古，光怪陆离。将使后来游者，遂可无言绝响，不必先结一记游之想，以挠其登高临深之天趣，四快也。

②昔人有言，山水之神情，恒与幽人畸士相亲昵。然非言语文章之妙，不足以发潜而疏远。今间询之楚人，武昌赤壁，仅一培v⑧；而柳州遗迹，按图索之，殊不相当。独以两公文在，儿与五岳四渎⑨并垂声于宇宙。文人不遇，岂非山水之甚幸哉！况洞庭灵奇，夙标震旦。惟护之以风涛，布之以险阻，即具逸情远胜者，亦未能时时酬对。一朝不偶⑩，相得益彰，山灵恺豫?，又复何如！不啻吾所称“四快”而已。

③余接摈废以来，屏栖深谷，云封烟绕。门前寸步，便如黔蜀万山。洞庭之游，日与孟长期，而今竟先我矣。览兹游记，固深快之，而亦深妒之，终乃深幸之。幸我虽未游，而孟长已游，他日虽游而已，不必记游也。

【注】

①洞庭：指江苏太湖中的洞庭东山和西山。

②文震孟：苏州人，忤魏忠贤意，遂归。

③石公：太湖边的山名，在太湖边。龙渚，指太湖。

④赵隐居凡夫：隐士赵凡夫。

⑤m州之文：指明代王世贞的诗文。

⑥姚希孟，文震孟的外甥。

⑦缥缈：山名。莫厘东洞庭山。

⑧培v：小山丘。

⑨五岳四渎：泛指大山名川。

⑩不偶：命运不好。恺豫：祥和快乐。

1.可填入第①段方框处的虚词是（）。

A.也；B.焉；C.耳；D.耶

2.概括“游有四快”的内容。

3.对第②段画线句理解正确的一项是（）。

A.如今间接地去询问楚地的人，三国时的武昌赤壁，只是一座小土丘；柳州山水，按照地图去找，也很难找到。

B.如今偶尔地去询问楚地的人，苏轼笔下的武昌赤壁，只是一座小土丘；柳州的文化遗迹，按照地图去找，也很难找到。

C.如今间接地去询问楚地的人，三国时的武昌赤壁，只是一座小土丘；柳宗元笔下的山水，按照他文章所写去找，实地也与文中描绘不相称。

D.如今偶尔地去询问楚地的人，苏轼笔下的武昌赤壁，只是一座小土丘；柳州山水，按照柳宗元文章所写去找，实地与文中描绘不相称。

4.简析第②段在文中的作用。

六、材料作文

根据下列材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章，文体不限（除诗歌外）。

一枚石子投入水中，会在水面上荡起圈圈的涟漪；一句话语投进心里，会在情感上荡起脉脉的涟漪；一件意料之外的事件发生，会在社会上荡起层层的涟涟漪……

很多时候，涟漪会随着时间的推移而慢慢消失；但有时，涟漪也可能随着作用力的加大而化作惊涛骇浪……

第二篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

届高三一模英语试卷

一、阅读理解

The Z Hotel is in the heart of London’s West End and has comfortable accommodation in a contemporary design.

All rooms include handcrafted beds, 48-inch Samsung HD TVs with free Sky Sports and Movie channels, and free Wi-Fi. Each room also has under-bed storage for an overnight bag, and wall-mounted hanging space for clothing. The Z Hotel also offers wheelchair accessible rooms.

Continental breakfast is served in The Z Cafe every morning, including smoked salmon, fresh bread, fresh fruit salad and bacon rolls. A selection of salads, sandwiches and hot dishes are on offer throughout the day.

The hotel is a 5-minute walk from Prince of Wales Theatre and Chinatown London, Leicester Square, Piccadilly Circus and Trafalgar Square. Heathrow Airport can be reached directly from Piccadilly Circus Underground Station.

This is our guests，favorite part of London, according to independent reviews. This area is also great for shopping, with popular brands nearby: Apple, H&M, Zara, Burberry and Chanel.

The Z Hotel is rated for the best value in London! Guests are getting more for their money when compared to other hotels in this city. Come and stay with us!

Most popular facilities:

◆ Luggage storage ◆ Heating ◆ Free Wi-Fi ◆ Air conditioning

◆ 24-hour front desk ◆ Daily maid service ◆ Parking ◆ Lift

Prices:

Room types

Prices

Options

Double room―non-smoking

￡179

Non-refundable(不退款)

Good Breakfast ￡ 9.50

Twin Room―non-smoking

￡185

Non-refundable

Good Breakfast ￡ 9.50

Queen Room―disability access

￡219

Pay at the hotel

(no prepayment needed)

Good Breakfast included

1.When staying in this hotel, you will enjoy all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A. free Wi-FiB. a TV with some free channels

C. under-bed storage spaceD. airport pick-up service

2.If a man in a wheelchair wants to stay in this hotel for two nights, he should pay ________.

A. ￡ 404B. ￡ 358

C. ￡ 438D. ￡ 370

3.From the passage we can learn ________.

A. the hotel is close to Heathrow Airport

B. the hotel is good value for guests’ money

C. the hotel serves Chinese-style breakfast

D. there is a shop with popular brands in the hotel

Dream in Heart

On the first day of school our professor introduced a new classmate―a wrinkled little old lady―to us. Her name was Rose, and she was eighty-seven years old.

After class Rose and I walked to the Student Union Building and shared a chocolate milk-shake. She told me she always dreamed of having a college education and now she was getting one. We became instant friends. Every day for the following months, we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always attracted, listening to this “ time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me.

Rose became famous and easily made friends wherever she went. She tended to be highly motivated,responsible, and deeply involved in class participation. In spare time she had someone hang out or go to bars with. She even participated in some form of athletic activity. She said that extra-curricular activities can form a vital part of her experience, creating unique chances for friendship and learning.

At the end of the term we invited Rose to speak at our football meal. A little embarrassed, she leaned into the microphone and simply said, “ I’ m sorry I’ m so nervous.” As we laughed, she cleared her throat and began, “ We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. If you’ re nineteen years old and lie in bed for one full year, you will turn twenty. If I’ m eighty-seven years old and stay in bed for a year, I will turn eighty-eight. Anybody can grow older. It’ s non-optional but that doesn’ t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the chance in change. In this way the elderly don’ t have regrets for what they did, but rather for things they did not do.” Rose concluded her speech by courageously singing “ The Rose” . She challenged us to study the words of the song and lived them out in daily lives.

At the year’ s end Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep. Over two thousand college students attended her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by example that it’ s never too late to be all you can possibly be.

1.Why does the author compare Rose to “ time machine” in Paragraph 2

A. To stress her old age and knowledge of life.

B. To describe the close friendship between them.

C. To show that she always enjoyed her active life.

D. To explain why she took on a challenge in college.

2.Rose was invited to speak at the football meal most probably because ______.

A. she was a great football fan

B. she was the smartest student

C. she tried hard to achieve her dream

D. she became more educated than the others

3.We can learn that Rose agreed with the idea that ______.

A. growing older means growing up

B. it takes talent and ability to grow up

C. receiving high education helps to be courageous

D. one grows older at the same time when he grows up

4.The passage is intended to ______.

A. provide an example for the elderly B. discuss how to grow up quickly

C. tell the importance of attending college D. inspire the readers to live up to lives

A new restaurant in Indonesia is on a mission (使命) to support locals trapped in poverty, many of whom are earning less than $25 a month, by providing them with an alternative way to pay for their food.

The Methane Gas Canteen, run by husband and wife team Sarimin and Suyatmi, is located in an unexpected place for an eatery ― Jatibarang Landfill. The landfill is a mountain of purifying waste, where poor locals spend their days collecting plastic and glass to sell. Meanwhile, the couple, who spent 40 years collecting waste before opening the restaurant, is busy cooking.

What makes the restaurant unusual, aside from its location, is that no cash is required to pay for meals. Poor people have the option to pay for their food with recyclable waste instead of cash. Sarimin weighs the plastic customers bring in, calculates its worth, and then deduct that value from the cost of the meal, giving any extra value back to the customer. The scheme is part of the community’s solution to reduce waste in the landfill and recycle non-degradable plastics.

“I think we recycle 1 tonne of plastic waste a day, which is a lot. This way, the plastic waste doesn’t pile up, drift down the river and cause flooding,” said Saimin. “It benefits everyone.”

The restaurant seats about 30 people and serves meals that cost between $0.40 and $0.80 each. Since opening the canteen Sarimin and Suyatmi have seen their daily income more than double to $15 a day.

“I’m happy to see our customers enjoying their meals,” Sarimin told NHK World. “The poor must also have the right to enjoy healthy eating. I want to give them that chance as much as possible.”

1.What do we know about Jatibarang Landfill

A. It is a good place for people to eat meals

B. It is a place where locals collect plastic and glass to sell

C. It is a mountain which attracts many tourists

D. It is a modem plastic recycling plant.

2.What makes the Methane Gas Canteen different

A. Its location and the way to pay for meals.

B. The delicious food and the kind-hearted owner.

C. Its location and those strange customers.

D. Its customers and the way to pay for meal.

3.What does the underlined word mean

A. IncreaseB. Replace

C. RemoveD. Equal

4.Which of the following is NOT true

A. Sarimin and Suyatmi recycle plastic waste only to make money.

B. The plastic waste may cause flooding.

C. The restaurant seats around 30 people at present.

D. Sarimin and Suyatmi have seen an increase in their income.

Technology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing the television station without touching the TV.

Now one American company is offering its employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted (植入) in their hands. Employees who have these chips can do all kinds of things just by waving their hands. Three Square Market is offering to implant microchips in all of their employees for free. Each chip costs $300 and Three Square Market will pay for the chip. Employees can volunteer to have the chips implanted in their hands. About 50 out of 80 employees have chosen to do so. The president of the company, his wife and their children are also getting chips implanted in their hands.

The chip is about the size of a grain of rice. Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said to hurt only very briefly. The chips go under the skin between the thumb and forefinger. With a chip in the hand, a person can enter the office building, buy food, sign into computers and more, simply by waving that hand near a scanner. The chips will be also used to identify employees. Employees who want convenience, but do not want to have a microchip implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband (腕带) or a ring with a chip instead. They can perform the same tasks with a wave of their hands as if they had an implanted chip.

Three Square Market is the first company in the United States to offer to implant chips in its employees. Epicenter, a company in Sweden, has been implanting chips in its employees for a while.

Three Square Market says the chip cannot track the employees. The company says scanners can read the chips only when they are within a few inches of them. “The chips protect against identity theft, similar, to credit cards.” The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the chips back in 20xx，so they should be safe for humans, according to the company.

In the future, people with the chips may be able to do more with them, even outside the office. Todd Westby is Chief Executive Officer of Three Square Market. He says, “Eventually, this technology will become standardized allowing you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.”

1.What is the third paragraph mainly about

A. The substitutes of the chips.

B. The advantages of the chips.

C. The places to implant the chips.

D. The potential risks of implanting the chips.

2.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refer to

A. the handsB. the employees

C. the scannersD. the credit cards

3.We can infer that ________.

A. the chips have magic powers

B. the chips are very popular among the employees

C. the price of the chips is reasonable

D. most people suspect the application of the chips

4.Which of the following best describes Todd Westby’s attitude towards the chips

A. Defensive.B. Disappointing.

C. Optimistic.D. Casual.

二、七选五

When we were kids, if our parents wanted us to stop the screen time, they would turn off the TV. 1. They grab the cell phone, the tablet or the laptop. Here we will talk about how to control their screen time.

First, limit the time they use screens. 2. Kids are smart. Once you go back to your daily routine, they will quickly be back on a screen. Because they just don’t understand that when you tell them to get off the tablet or computer, you mean for the rest of the day.

3. It can be going outside to play, reading a fun book or cleaning their room. Presenting them with an alternative helps the under-developed planning part of their little brains get past what they can’t do and see what else is possible.

And third, hide the screen device. That one may not seem very fair. 4. If they don’t see the device around the house, they can’t grab it. This way, works for us adult-types who may be a little too addicted to screens ourselves.

Ultimately, the best way to help kids recognize how much is too much screen time is to limit our own. Yeah, you may have to stare at one all day for your job, but do you really have to come home and immediately turn on the TV or answer that email on your phone Don’t think your kids aren’t taking excuses from your actions. 5.

A. Second, give them an alternative.

B. So, it’s necessary to set a limited time.

C. It may seem easy, but it can be challenging.

D. Now, kids often have a choice of which screen they want.

E. They watch you just as closely as they watch those screens.

F. Now go to find a screen and turn it off, for you and for your kids.

G. But the phrase “out of sight, out of mind” actually works sometimes.

三、完形填空

As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I _______ a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion. I smiled at her, hoping to _______ the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my _______ failed and she just kept on staring. My _______ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.”

After the _______, a thought struck me, I had to change _______ the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about _______ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a super hero in a _______ who helps children that are being bullied, came into my mind.

I quickly _______ inside my apartment and began creating the story. As I wrote each word, I could ________ my future as a world-renowned author and public speaker. My excitement ________ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ________ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 20xx. My perseverance ________ paid off.

One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who ________ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me ” I asked them. The kids bravely ________ “ I feel sorry for you.”

I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ________. “ How do you feel when you see me ” I asked again. Without ________ they replied, “You are so cool! Does your ________ fly too ” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but maybe some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ________. The past two years had proven to me that with ________ anything is possible.

1.A. suggestedB. noticedC. watchedD. appreciated

2.A. forgetB. breakC. removeD. deliver

3.A. projectB. angerC. adviceD. attempt

4.A. reliefB. curiosityC. awkwardnessD. encouragement

5.A. encounterB. competitionC. argumentD. interview

6.A. howB. whatC. whenD. why

7.A. disabilitiesB. potentialsC. paintingsD. manners

8.A. poolB. carC. wheelchairD. spaceship

9.A. walkedB. wheeledC. rushedD. raced

10.A. regardB. realizeC. pictureD. consider

11.A. foldedB. recoveredC. spreadD. declined

12.A. turned downB. went throughC. looked upD. got around

13.A. generallyB. carefullyC. separatelyD. eventually

14.A. calledB. staredC. glimpsedD. laughed

15.A. greetedB. agreedC. continuedD. responded

16.A. smilesB. doubtsC. jokesD. tears

17.A. hesitationB. discussionC. intentionD. imagination

18.A. bodyB. chairC. dreamD. book

19.A. funnyB. strangeC. trueD. false

20.A. generosityB. popularityC. harmonyD. determination

四、语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

One of China’s largest hanfu-themed 1. (event), the annual Hanfu Cultural Festival in Xitangancient town, East China’s Zhejiang Province. 2. (hold) from October 28 to 31 last year. According to statistics from the organizer, 157,326 visitors attended 3. festival, many of 4. were hanfu-wearing enthusiasts, called “tongpao”.

5. (original) from the collection of ancient Chinese Poetry Book of Songs, the word tongpao is-now used to describe whoever appreciates 6. (tradition) Han Chinese clothing. 7. (forbid) during China’s last feudal (封建的) dynasty，the Qing Dynasty, hanfu clothing has been little known 8. the public for many decades.

Nowadays, hanfu is making a comeback.Tongpao has risen in number over the past 15 years 9. a worker in Central China’s Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore 10. in public in 20xx.

五、短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的`以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Steven,

I really appreciate that you have been paying close attention to the Calligraphy Contest. I’m writing provide you with some relevant informations.

Aimed at encouraging us to learn traditional culture but attach great importance to handwriting, the Calligraphy Contest of our school enjoying a huge success. A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, which the participants handed in our satisfying works which were later graded by Calligraphy masters. And then the excellently ones were exhibited to the public. As far as I’m concern, this kind of activity benefit us a lot. Calligraphy is very meaningful and gives us peace of mind as well.

The contest will also be held the next year. You’ re welcome to enter for it, too.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

六、提纲类作文

假定你是李华，正在加拿大访学。你看到杂志上有一篇介绍中国端午节的文章，发现文中配图是赛艇而不是龙舟。请你给编辑部写一封信，内容包括：

要点如下：

1. 赞赏对方介绍中国文化；

2. 指出错误；

3. 希望更正；

4. 词数100左右。

参考词汇：赛艇 ― rowing boat 龙舟 ― dragon boat

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第三篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

上海市宝山区届高三一模语文试卷

一、句子默写

按要求填空。

（1）彼童子之师，________________________，非吾所谓传其道解其惑也。（韩愈《师说》）

（2）不知天上宫阙，________________________？（苏轼《水调歌头・明月几时有》）

（3）张养浩《山坡羊・潼关怀古》以“伤心秦汉行处，宫阙万间都做了土”写王朝的盛衰兴亡；李白《登金陵凤凰台》写王朝盛衰兴亡是“________________________”。

二、选择题

按要求选择

（1）一位歌唱家看到学生在舞台上的表现，由衷赞叹。下列最适合他引用的诗句是

A.落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。

B.江山代有人才出，各领风骚数百年。

C.年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同。

D.桐花万里丹山路，雏凤清于老凤声。

（2）填入下面语段横线处的句子，最恰当的―项是（）

革命导师这种尊重实践的严肃的科学态度，给我们极大的教育。他们并不认为自己提出的理论是已经完成了的绝对真理或“顶峰”，可以不受实践检验的；________________________；更不要说那些根据个别情况作出的个别论断了。

A.并不认为只要是他们作出的结论不管实际情况如何都不能改变

B.并不以为因是自己作出之结论则无论实情如何都不能加以改变

C.从实践中来对实践总结概括的规律性理论也要接受实践的检验

D.他们尊重从实践中来对实践高度概括的带有普遍规律性的理论

三、现代文阅读

阅读下文，完成小题。

对技术美学和美学的一点认识

钱学森

①我曾写文章谈论文学艺术和科学技术之间的关系，我说文学艺术的创作也总要有个科学技术的基础，没有纸张、印刷，也就难有今天的文学；没有摄影技术和电声技术，也就不可能有今天的电影。这是一个方面的关系，可以说是科学技术为文学艺术服务，现在我们的“技术美学”是一门把美学运用到技术领域中去的新兴科学，可以说是另―个方面的关系，是美术为科学技术的产品设计和制造服务。

②我那篇文字，也讲到科学技术的产品设计和制造中的美术问题，例如各种日用品，杯、碗、器、皿、盘、瓶、盆等，衣着服饰等，图书装帧等，以至产品包装等，要做到“美观大方”又经济实用，这大概属于工艺美术。从经济效益看，这也不是件小事。例如目前在我国，―方面人民手里有钱，要穿得更好些；另一方面纺织工业又开工不足，纤维原料等库存积压。原来是衣料布匹花色品种太单调，不美观，所以人民不喜欢。这里工艺美术是可以帮助解决问题的，从而创造出以亿元计的价值。因此工艺美术是件大事。

③其实这个领域还可以扩大些，包括一切产品的设计，一台机器的外形、色彩，难道就不需要搞得“美观大方”些吗从前我国制造的机器总爱漆成暗灰色，很难看。现在色调浅些，常常是谈灰色，是个进步。这样，工艺美术就该扩大成为“技术美术”，它更是社会主义物质文明建设和社会主义精神文明建设的大事了。

④我以前曾把文学艺术分成六个大部门：小说杂文、诗词歌赋、建筑艺术、书画雕塑等造型艺术、音乐，以及戏剧电影等综合性的艺术。现在看，这六大部门包括不了。出了一个把科学技术产品和造型艺术结合起来的部门----技术美术。当然这种分法也只是一种认识，认识过程并没有结束，还会有发展。例如我最近也在考虑：有我国特色的园林艺术应不应包括在建筑艺术之内因为园林艺术是一种改造生活环境的艺术，比建筑艺术综合性更高。如果这样，那艺术又要再加一个大部门――园林艺术。

⑤厦门全国美学学会第二届年会中，与会同志除了肯定了技术美学之外，还对部门艺术美学的问题展开了讨论，强调美学的研究还应强调部门艺术美学的探讨，更多地注意到文学艺术各部门的特性。从这一观点看，我们这里说的技术美学应该是联系技术美术的部门艺术美学。有多少部门美学呢有多少艺术的大部门，就有多少部门美学。照前面讲的，就该有小说杂文美学、诗词歌赋美学、建筑美学、造型美学、音乐美学、戏剧电影美学、技术美学，或再加上一个园林美学。

⑥研究学问就是一个人认识客观事物的过程，这个过程总是从个别到一般、再用上升到一殷的规律来指导更深入的对个别的研究。部门艺术美学的研究是一条必须经历的道路；从艺术的实践到理性认识、部门艺术美学，再到一般美学，最后到马克思主义哲学这一人类认识的最高概括。这条认识道路的顶峰是马克思主义哲学。根据这个思想，我曾提出，美学是艺术的创作实践到马克思主义哲学的桥梁。

⑦以上这条思路也许是有助于美学的研究的。目前大家对美学的见解还不很一致，有同志说美学现在还偏重于哲理性的探讨，建议要从心理学等方面来研究美学。走心理学的路是可取的。但我认为如果要说得更完整些，就应该引用思维科学这个概念，因为美感是人思维过程的结果。这是从人的思维实践来研究美学，所以我以前也想把美学作为思维科学的一门学问。但我现在认为这不妥，这是基于以下的理由：

⑧人的美感与人的社会实践和社会意识有直接关系，不完全决定于人脑思维方式和规律，如抽象思维、形象思维和灵感思维。即便两个人的思维方法和规律相接近，但社会实践从而社会意识不同，美感也很不一样。在阶级社会中，统治阶级的美感同被压迫被统治的劳动人民的美感不一样；而在今天，有些人认为是美的东西，而我们大多数人都说是精神污染!真是天南地北，绝然不同。所以美的实践又是一项人的社会活动的产物，必须从社会活动的规律去理解。没有什么脱离社会实践的所谓美。

⑨这样，研究美学还必须考虑又一条路子：考察文学艺术的创造和欣赏这项社会活动的规律。

1.第①段加点词“服务”在文中的意思是____________________________________。

2.对第⑥段“顶峰”、“桥梁”比喻的作用分析正确的―项是（）

A.阐明了技术美学和美学的研究思路。

B.阐明了技术美学和美学的学科地位。

C.阐明了技术美学和美学的研究宗旨。

D.阐明了技术美学和美学的学科结构。

3.依据本文，对“技术美学”的理解正确的―项是（）

A.技术美学是艺术与科学结合、把美学运用到技术领域的新兴科技门类。

B.技术美学是研究科学技术产品设计和制造中美术问题的工艺美术学科。

C.技术美学是一门把科学技术产品和造型艺术结合起来的综合艺术门类。

D.技术美学是以研究技术美术的实践和理性认识为特性的部门艺术美学。

4.第⑧段划线句是一个概括性事例，请分析这一事例是如何证明“把美学作为思维科学的一门学问不妥”这一观点的。

5.简要分析本文的层次。

阅读下文，完成小题。

《春天里的秋天》序

巴金

①春天。枯黄的原野变绿了。新绿的叶子在枯枝上长出来。阳光温柔地对着每个人微笑，鸟儿在歌唱飞翔。花开放着，红的花，白的花，紫的花。星闪耀着，红的星，绿的星，白的星。蔚蓝的天，自由的风，梦一般美丽的爱情。②每个人都有春天。无论是你，或者是我，每个人在春天里都可以有欢笑，有爱情，有陶醉。

③然而秋天在春天里哭泣了。

④这一个春天，在迷人的南国的古城里，我送走了我的一段光阴。

⑤秋天的雨落了，但是又给春天的风扫尽了。

⑥在雨后的一个晴天里，我同两个朋友走过泥泞的道路。走过石板的桥，走过田畔的小径，去访问一个南国的女性，一个我不曾会过面的疯狂（得了精神病）的女郎。

⑦在―个并不很小的庄院的门前，我们站住了。一个说着我不懂的语言的小女孩给我们开了黑色的木栅门，这木栅门和我的小说里的完全不同。这里是本地有钱人的住家。

⑧在一个阴暗的房间里，我看见了我们的主人。宽大的架子床，宽大的席，薄薄的被。她坐起来，我看见了她的上半身。是一个正在开花的年纪的女郎。

⑨我们三个坐在她对面一张长凳上。一个朋友说明了来意。她只是默默地笑，笑得和哭一样。我默默地看了她几眼。我就明白我那个朋友所告我的一切了。留在那里的半个多小时内，我们谈了不到十句以上的话，看见了她十多次秋天的笑。

⑩别了她出来，我怀着一颗秋天的痛苦的心。我想起我的来意，我那想帮助她的来意，我差不多要哭了。

一个女郎，一个正在开花的年纪的女郎……我一生里第一次懂得疯狂的意义了。

我的许多年来的努力，我的用血和泪写成的书，我的生活的目标无一不是在：帮助人，使每个人都得着春天，每颗心都得着光明，每个人的生活都得着幸福，每个人的发展都得着自由。我给人唤起了渴望，对于光明的渴望；我在人的前面安放了一个事业，值得献身的事业。然而我的一切努力都给另一种势力摧残了。在唤醒了一个年轻的灵魂以后，只让他或她去受更难堪的蹂躏和折磨。

于是那个女郎疯狂了。不合理的社会制度，不自由的婚姻、传统观念的束缚，家庭的专制，不知道摧残了多少正在开花的年青的灵魂，我的二十八年的岁月里，已经堆积了那么多、那么多的阴影了。在那秋天的笑，像哭―样的笑里，我看见了过去一个整代的青年的尸体。我仿佛听见―个痛苦的声音说：“这应该终结了。”

《春天里的秋天》不止是一个温和地哭泣的故事，它还是一个整代的青年的呼吁。我要拿起我的笔做武器，为他们冲锋，向着这垂死的"社会发出我的坚决的呼声“Jeaccuser”。

一九三二年五月

【链接】

秋天，绿的亭枯黄了。霜蚀了的树叶从枝上落下来。但太阳依旧带来温暖的微笑透过窗户。它在向着桌上失

了香色的花儿谎说春天。只向着花儿吗？不，向着每个人。向着你，也向着我。阳光偷偷地进了心中，在下霜的秋天拿了春的回忆来温暖那些心儿。

――摘自巴金译匈牙利作家尤利・巴基的小说《秋天里的春天》

1.从写法和情感两方面比较本散文①③段的景物描写与“链接”的景物描写的异同。

2.艾青说“比喻的作用，在于使一切无生命的东西活起来，而且赋予思想感情。”请以本散文中划线的比喻为例阐释艾青的话。

3.巴金的散文好用“我”，以第⑩段为例赏析用“我”叙述抒情的效果。

4.评析本文最后三段所表现的思想感情的意义。

四、诗歌鉴赏

阅读下面的作品，完成小题。

拟咏怀・其二十六①

南北朝庾信

萧条亭障②远，凄惨风尘多。

关门临白狄③，城影入黄河。

秋风别苏武，寒水送荆轲。

谁言气盖世，晨起帐中歌。

【注】①庾信为南朝梁臣，奉命初试北朝西魏；但梁为西魏所灭，被滞仕魏，羞愤抑郁。后北周代魏，庾信累官至开府仪同三司。此诗作于其任北周弘农郡守时，时南朝陈与北周通好，流寓人士，并许归还故国，唯庾信与王褒不得回南方。②亭障：边境的堡垒。③白狄：古民族名。

1.从题材看，本诗属于（）。

A.咏史B.怀古C.怀人D.羁旅

2.对本诗意境的评价最适合的是（）。

A.纯一混茫B.凄惨萧索C.苍凉壮阔D.清幽凄冷

3.全诗是怎样表达作者思想情感的？试结合具体诗句加以赏析。

五、文言文阅读

阅读下文，完成小题。

刘茂字子卫，太原晋阳人也。少孤，独侍母居。家贫，以筋力致养，孝行著于乡里。及长，能习《礼经》，教授常数百人。哀帝时，察孝，再迁五原属国候，遭母忧去官；服竟．后为沮阳令。会王莽篡位，茂弃官，避世弘农山中教授。

建武二年归，为郡门下掾。时，赤眉二十余万众攻郡县，杀长吏及府掾史。茂负太守孙福逾墙藏空穴中，得免。其暮，俱奔盂县。昼则逃隐，夜求粮食。积百余日，贼去，乃得归府。明年，诏书求天下义士。福言茂曰：“臣前为赤眉所攻，吏民坏死，奔走趣山。臣为贼所围，命如丝发，赖茂负臣逾城，出保盂县。茂与弟触冒兵刃，缘山负食，臣及妻子得度死命，节义尤高。宜蒙表擢，以厉义士。”诏书即征茂，拜议郎，迁宗正丞。后拜侍中，卒官。

延平中，鲜卑数百余骑寇渔阳，太守张显率吏士追出塞，遥望虏营烟火，急趣之。兵马掾严授虑有伏兵苦谏止不听。显蹙令进，授不获已，前战，伏兵发，授身被十创，殁于阵。显拔刃追散兵，不能制，虏射中显，主簿卫福、功曹徐咸遽赴之，显遂堕马，福以身拥蔽，虏并杀之。朝廷愍授等节，诏书褒叹，厚加赏赐，各除子一人为郎中。

永初二年，剧贼毕豪等入平原界，县令刘雄将吏士乘船追之。至厌次河，与贼合战。雄败，执雄，以矛刺之。时小吏所辅前叩头求哀，愿以身代雄。豪等纵雄而刺辅，贯心洞背即死。东郡太守捕得豪等，具以状上。诏书追伤之，赐钱二十万，除父奉为郎中。

1.写出下列划加点词在句中的意思。

（1）急趣之（2）授身被十创

2.为下列句中划线词选择释义正确的一项。

（1）服竟后为沮阳令

A.终了B.从头到尾C.终究D.居然

（2）书追伤之

A.受伤B.受伤的人C.哀痛D.丧祭

3.第③段划线部分断句正确的―项是（）。

A.兵马掾严授/虑有伏/兵苦谏/止不听

B.兵马掾严授虑有伏兵/苦谏止/不听

C.兵马掾严授虑/有伏兵/苦谏/止不听

D.兵马掾严授/虑有伏兵/苦谏/止不听

4.把第②段划线句译为现代汉语。

茂与弟触冒兵刃，缘山负食，臣及妻子得度死命，节义尤高。宜蒙表擢，以厉义士。

5.用一四字短语概括刘茂、严授、卫福、所辅的共同品格：

6.以第③段为例，赏析史传作品的人物塑造。

阅读下文，完成小题。

彭州圆觉禅院记

北宋洵

①人之居乎此也，其必有乐乎此也。居斯乐，不乐不居也。居而不乐，不乐而不去，为自欺且为欺天。

②盖君子耻食其食而无其功，耻服其服①而不知其事，故居而不乐，吾有吐食、脱服□逃天下之讥而已耳。天之畀我以形，而使我以心驭也。今日欲适秦，明日欲适越，天下谁我御？故居而不乐，不乐而不去，是其心且不能驭其形，而况能以驭他人？

③自唐以来，天下士大夫争以排释老为言，故其徒之欲求知于吾士大夫之间者，往往自叛其师以求其容于吾。而吾士大夫亦喜其来而接之以礼。灵师、文畅之徒，饮酒食肉以自绝于其教。呜呼！归尔父子，复尔室家，而后吾许尔以叛尔师。父子之不归，室家之不复，而师之叛，是不可以一日立于天下。《传》曰：“人臣无外交。”故季布之忠于楚也，虽不如萧、韩之先，而比丁公之贰则为愈。②

④予在京师，彭州僧保聪来求识予甚勤。及至蜀，闻其自京师归，布衣蔬食以为其徒先，凡若干年，而所居圆院大治。一日为予道其先师平润事，与其院之所以得名者，请予为记。予佳聪之不以叛其师悦予也，故为之记曰：

⑤彭州龙兴寺僧平润讲《圆经》有奇，因以名院。院始弊不葺，润之来，始得隙地以作堂宇。凡更二僧，而至于保聪，聪又合其邻之僧屋若干于其院以成。是为记。

【注】①“食”、“服”：食，指俸禄；服，指官服。②“楚”：指项羽，季布是项羽部将，屡败刘邦，项羽败亡后被刘邦捉拿，但被刘邦赦免并任命官职，丁公在楚汉战争中曾抓住刘邦但私下把刘放了，后来楚败，丁公拜见刘邦以为会重用，刘邦却把他杀了并示众以警示背叛的人。

1.可填入第②段方框处的虚词是（）。

A.以B.之C.则D.乃

2.对第①②段理解正确的一项是（）。

A.人应该随遇而安并听从自己内心的“乐”与“不乐”选择居所，但不应该随便搬迁。

B.“乐”与“不乐”在于内心而不在于居所，所以要怡情养心而不应该随便搬迁逃脱。

C.对居所“乐”与“去”的表现，反映出一个人名实表里是否统一和为政做人的态度。

D.对居所“乐”与“去”的表现，反映出“我”能否驾驭他人、天人是否和谐的表现。

3.洵愿意为保聪写“记”的根本原因是（）

A.保聪在京师就殷勤地求与洵相识，洵被他的诚恳感动。

B.保聪求与洵相识相知而没有背叛其师，且光大其师事业。

C.士大夫们从唐开始就排斥僧道，洵要表示与他们的不同。

D.宋朝已不唐朝那样排斥僧道，而且保聪又为圆觉院命名。

4.分析第③段画线处论证方法的作用。

5.从前三段看，本文作为“院记”与一般的院、亭、楼、台的“记”相比特点突出，请结合作品内容分析作者为什么要这样写。

六、材料作文

依据下面材料，按要求作文。

现代，“人”高度发达、全面发展，却存在一种普遍的现象：能够做的事而不去做。有人认为：能够做的事就应该去做。

请写一篇文章，谈谈你对上面材料的思考。

要求：（1）自拟题目；（2）不少于800字。（3）文体不限，诗歌除外。

第四篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

届吉林市高三二模英语试题

导语：近日，吉林省吉林市2014届高三下学期第二次模拟考试，二模试题及答案已经公布，下面是2014吉林2014届高三二模英语试题，供参考。

(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A After a terrible electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, the whole world became completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.

One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the tree. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw a plough and a wall. When Mrs. Edwards came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.

The news of Robert regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread, and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.

The reason for Robert’s attempts to kill himself was that _________.

A. a terrible traffic accident happened to him

B. he had to live in a dark and silent world

C. he was struck by the lightning once more

D. nobody in the world cared about him

What was Robert doing when he was struck by the lightning?

A. Sheltering from the rain under a tree. B. Driving a car.

C. Taking a walk with a stick. D. Lying on the ground.

We can infer from the text that ________.

A. there was no accurate explanation for Robert’s recovery

B. many doctors came because Robert was badly injured

C. Robert’s wife sent for doctors immediately after the shock

D. a sudden injury in the head led to Robert’s recovery

What’s the best title of the whole passage?

A. A Terrible Electrical Accident

B. Robert Edwards and His Wife

C. What a Sudden Shock

D. An Unforgettable Experience

点击下载完整版试题

第五篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

2019届高三二模含听力英语试卷

一、短对话

A.At an airport.B.On a plane.C.On a bus.D.In a department store.

A.He is suffering a pain in the neck.

B.His roommate walks in his sleep.

C.His roommate’s bed is always in a mess.

D.He doesn’t like sharing a room with anyone.

A.The woman was fully absorbed in the movie.

B.The woman lost her way to the cinema that evening.

C.The woman couldn’t understand the movie very well.

D.The movie was no better than what the woman had imagined.

A.$160.B.$50.C.$120.D.$150.

A.He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle.

B.His wife didn’t take his sensible advice.

C.He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair.

D.His wife often complains about everything.

A.Puzzled.B.Regretful.C.Angry.D.Relieved.

A.A job offer.B.An entry form.

C.An excellent résumé.D.The position of system engineer.

A.Mr.James talks a lot about gardening.

B.Mr.James likes boasting of his cleverness.

C.The woman is not interested in what Mr.James says.

D.Mr.James isn’t very straightforward in what he says.

A.The elderly are expert at using apps.

B.The elderly don’t know how to use apps.

C.The elderly can help to develop smart apps.

D.The app developers can’t afford to ignore the elderly.

A.Mr.Johnson’s ideas are nonsense.

B.He quite agrees with Mr.Johnson’s views.

C.He has his own opinions on social welfare.

D.Mr.Johnson is skillful in expressing his ideas.

二、短文

Questions are based on the following passage.

1.

A.In multi-cultural countries.B.In developing countries.

C.In developed countries.D.In densely-populated countries.

2.

A.Lack of communication facilities.B.Temporary shelter.

C.Power failure.D.No access to recreation.

3.

A.Features of different types of poverty.B.Approaches to poverty elimination.

C.Changes in three poverty categories.D.Ways to calculate the poverty line.

Questions are based on the following passage.

1.

A.Because of the course materials.

B.Because of the discussion topics.

C.Because of others’ misuse of technology.

D.Because of a rule the speaker made for his class.

2.

A.The speaker’s history class received low assessment.

B.The students think highly of the speaker’s history class.

C.The speaker made the rule because he was against technology.

D.The speaker made the rule just because of his unpleasant experiences.

3.

A.It may improve teaching and offer more help.

B.It may allow students to get on well with each other.

C.It may distract students from being involved in class.

D.It may help students to better understand complex themes.

三、长对话

Questions are based on the following passage.

1.

A.She bumped into a coffee table.

B.She chatted with the cafe owner.

C.She talked with someone she knew.

D.She was listening to a lively debate.

2.

A.Newspapers were given out to customers.

B.An entrance fee was charged for getting in.

C.It was the meeting place for debating clubs.

D.It was first started in Oxford in the 16th century.

3.

A.Partly right.B.Extremely interesting.

C.Very unfair.D.A bit unreasonable.

4.

A.By providing free laptops for use.

B.By making sofas comfortable to sit on.

C.By engaging them in stimulating conversation.

D.By transporting customers to various destinations.

四、语法填空

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Best Way of Losing Weight

Forget what the skinny movie stars and the TV adverts say - losing weight is hard work.1.you do it through exercise, diet, or a bit of both, it’s extremely challenging to lose those pounds and then to keep them off.Sometimes it can involve 2.(change) huge parts of your day-to-day life and it can mean breaking decades-old habits.

But it turns out there’s one little thing you 3.do to help you achieve your goal and it’s got nothing to do with food or exercise.The experts at Weight Watchers did research which shows many of their members were more successful and 4.(discouraged) when they shared regular updates on their new healthy lifestyle online.They found people who shared a diary of their daily lives with friends and followers were stimulated and inspired by positive feedback 5.they lost some pounds and kept them off.

More than 50 per cent of people said the support of a weight loss community was crucial when it came 6.changing their eating habits and 53 per cent shared photos of their meals on social media.With this knowledge under their belts, Weight Watchers 7.(launch) a series of short films lately which show people recording their daily weight loss journey.

One of the members who shared her journey was Danielle Duggins, and her video shows her enjoying a range of healthy meals and a few treats, while 8.(play) with her children.

The company’s marketing director Claudia Nicholls said: “The support of a community has always proved to be an effective way of forming and sustaining healthy habits, but there has never been an easier or more affordable way 9.(tap) into the power of the crowd for support and inspiration with the explosion of online communities.Weight Watchers owns a social community for members, Connect, 10.sees over 14,000 daily posts in the UK alone, and provides our members with instant access to a community of people who are on similar journeys to them.

五、完形填空

??? Technology is playing a vital role in preservation and ecology research.Drones (无人机) hold huge _______ in the fight to save the world’s remaining wildlife from extinction.So researchers can now track wild animals through dense forests and monitor whales in vast oceans.It’s estimated that up to five living species become extinct every day, making it urgent that universities develop new technologies to capture the data that can persuade _______ to act.

The British International Education Association hosted a conference in January to _______ the importance of technological solutions in protecting vulnerable (易受伤害的) species and ecosystems.Speakers underlined how technology can help _______: drones can circle high above the ocean to spot whales, while certain cameras can identify members of an individual species.

According to Claudio Sillero, biology professor at Oxford University, technology is changing how preservation research is done ― but it’s in a(n) _______ way.As technology gets better and cheaper, researchers become better at doing what they were already doing._______, remote sensing used to be a very technical tool but is now widespread, and everyone uses global positioning system (GPS) for surveying.

But teaching preservation and ecology courses in university _______.Some teach drone surveying methods in depth while others don’t even mention them.“The fact is, using drones is quite a(n) _______ to the interdisciplinary (跨学科的`) ‘unknown’ of engineering, and potentially an area where lecturers may not feel confident to teach yet,” Serge Wich, an expert in primate biology says.“Students are taught about _______ technologies such as automatic sound recorders, but drones are often missing from university teaching.Consequently, drone use among researchers is still fairly ________ and focused on getting photos.”

Wich’s team of researchers used techniques to develop a fully automated drone technology system that ________ and monitors the health of endangered animals globally.It’s designed to be cheap, stable and simple to use, so that local communities in developing countries can operate it ________ without technical background.Yet it’s not more widely used on the grounds of researchers’ lack of skills to use this technology.In biology, where drones are used, few can program an algorithm (算法) specifically for their preservation or research problem.“There’s much that needs to be done to ________ those two worlds and to make AI more user-friendly so that people who can’t program can still use the technology,” Wich says.

________, the sad truth is that better technology alone will not save any more species from dying out, Greengrass warns.“As human populations increase, so do threats and pressure on wild places.Preservationists are ________ for not doing enough but it’s often an issue of people, conflict and governance.” Technology may help provide far greater knowledge, but governments still need to act.

1.A.shortageB.threatsC.potentialD.responsibilities

2.A.researchersB.authoritiesC.opponentsD.professionals

3.A.highlightB.overlookC.assessD.calculate

4.A.educationB.preparationC.preservationD.distinction

5.A.evolutionaryB.flexibleC.virtualD.dramatic

6.A.As a resultB.In conclusionC.On the contraryD.For example

7.A.differsB.equalsC.multipliesD.struggles

8.A.obstacleB.leapC.equivalentD.exception

9.A.ill-intentionedB.fully-preparedC.well-establishedD.narrowly-applied

10.A.definiteB.vagueC.simpleD.limited

11.A.controlsB.tracksC.supervisesD.improves

12.A.earnestlyB.independentlyC.secretlyD.impersonally

13.A.bridgeB.fixC.dismissD.grasp

14.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Otherwise

15.A.firedB.insultedC.qualifiedD.criticized

六、阅读理解

A Different Kind of Spring Break

For many American university students, the week-long spring break holiday means an endless part on a sunny beach in Florida or Mexico.In Panama City Beach, Florida, a city with a permanent population of approximately 36,000, more than half a million university students arrive during the month of March to play and party, making it the number one spring break destination in the United States.

A week-long drinking binge is not for everyone, however, and a growing number of American university students have found a way to make spring break matter.For them, joining or leading a group of volunteers to travel locally or internationally and work to address problems such as poverty, homelessness, or environmental damage makes spring break a unique learning experience that university students can feel good at.

During one spring break week, students at James Madison University in Virginia participated in 15 “alternative spring break” trips to nearby states, three others to more distant parts of the United States, and five international trips.One group of JMU students traveled to Bogalusa, Louisiana, to help rebuild homes damaged by Hurricane Katrina.Another group traveled to Mississippi to organize creative activities for children living in a homeless shelter.One group of students did go to Florida, but not to lie on the sand.They performed exhausting physical labor such as maintaining roving invasive plant species that threaten the native Florida ecosystem.

Students who participate in alternative spring break projects find them very rewarding.While most university students have to get their degrees before they can start helping people, student volunteers are able to help people now.On the other hand, the accommodations are far from glamorous.Students often sleep on the floor of a school or church, or spend the week camping in tents.But students only pay around $250 for meals and transportation, which is much less than some of their peers spend to travel to more traditional spring break hot spot.

1.How many university students travel to Panama Beach City every March for spring break?

A.Around 36,000.B.Around 50,000.

C.Around 500,000.D.Around 10,000.

2.The underlined word “binge” in paragraph 2 probably means ______.

A.doing too much of somethingB.studying for too long

C.refusing to do somethingD.having very little alcohol

3.Which of the following gives the main idea of the third paragraph?

A.One group of JMU students worked on homes damaged by a hurricane.

B.Children living in homeless shelters enjoy creative activities.

C.Some students work to help the environment on alternative spring break trips.

D.University students do different types of work on alternative spring break trips.

4.What is implied in this article is that ______.

A.university students spend more than $250 for traditional spring break trips

B.university students complain about the accommodations on alternative spring break trips

C.university students may take fewer alternative spring break trips in the future

D.university students would prefer to wait until they have their degrees to start helping people

Cropping (修剪) an Image With the Snap Shot Program

Welcome to the world of photo-editing!

Cropping an image allows you to zero in on (对准，聚焦) just the portion that is important to your project.For example, you may want to an image of a covered train in a report but may not want to include the whole train.Cropping the image allows you to select only the small area you wish to retain (保留) and eliminate all other portions of the original picture.

Option 1: Cropping by Placing the Image in a Shape

Screen Shot 1

Using one of Snap Shot’s standard shapes as a photo-editing tool requires no special abilities.To crop an image with a standard shape:

a.Click Cropping & Orientation from the Effects menu.

b.Click to select one of the six shapes to frame your image.

c.Use the mouse pointer to draw a frame around the portion of the image you wish to retain.Re-size the frame by dragging the shape’s sizing handles.When you are satisfied with the results, click Cut It.

d.Snap Shot will automatically return to the project that is open.(You may also copy or cut the cropped image and paste it into another application.)

Option 2: Freehand Cropping of an Image

Screen Shot 2

If you want to trace the shape of an object in order to crop out everything else, freehand cropping is the way to go.To crop an image freehand:

a.Click Freehand Crop from the Cropping & Orientation option on the Effects menu.

b.Using the mouse pointer, trace around the shape you want to crop.Be sure to completely enclose the image by ending at the same place you began outlining.

c.Click Cut It.Snap Shot will automatically return to the project that is open.

1.The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A.describe the features of Snap Shot

B.explain how to use Snap Shot to select sections of a picture

C.show that Snap Shot is an easy tool to use

D.discuss how to use the features of Snap Shot

2.To perform Option 2, one should first ______.

A.select the image

B.use the mouse pointer to draw a frame

C.select Cropping & Orientation from the Effects menu

D.re-size the frame by dragging the sizing handles on the shape

3.Why is freehand cropping discussed after cropping with shapes?

A.To introduce a simpler technique before moving on to a more complex one.

B.To proceed from a more useful technique to one with fewer practical applications.

C.To order the options alphabetically.

D.To arrange the text, making space for the screen shots.

??? Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.

Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

But the sources of distrust go way deeper.Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard patterns into which they report each day’s events.In other words, there is a traditional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.

There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard patterns” of the newsroom seem foreign to many readers.In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area.Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.

Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite (精英), so their work tends to reflect the traditional values of this elite.The alarming distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers.

This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one.Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers.Then it sponsors lots of symposiums (讨论会) and a credibility project devoted to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers.But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class prejudices that so many former buyers are complaining about.If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A.Needs of the readers all over the world.

B.Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.

C.Origins of the declining newspaper industry.

D.Aims of a journalism credibility project.

2.The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be ______.

A.quite trustworthyB.somewhat conflicting

C.very informativeD.rather shallow

3.The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their ______.

A.working attitudeB.traditional lifestyle

C.world outlookD.educational background

4.Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its ______.

A.failure to realize its real problemB.tendency to hire annoying reporters

C.likeliness to do inaccurate reportingD.prejudice in matters of race and gender

七、七选五

Directions: Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

If you shower before bed, you’ve probably wondered whether sleeping with damp hair is a problem.Maybe you’ve heard it could make you sick, or that it can damage your hair or skin.

What’s the truth? Let’s address the “it can make you sick” myth first.“1.” says Dr.William Schaffner, a professor of medicine.While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago disproved.It’s true that you’re much more likely to catch a common cold during the winter months.But this has to do with the ways respiratory (呼吸的) viruses spread, he says.

2.Illness-causing bacteria and viruses don’t appear naturally, and so you’re not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaffner says.But there is a possible exception.Some research has shown that pillows―especially those made with synthetic materials―can contain asthma- or allergy-triggering molds (哮喘或致敏菌) and fungus, which tend to do well in damp environments, and so do dust mites, says Dr.Payel Gupta, a spokesperson for the American Lung Association.

Gupta says there’s no evidence that people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms.3.But if you wake up with a stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes, breathing problems or other allergy or asthma symptoms―or even if you don’t―you should wash your pillow cases and sheets in hot water at least once a week to reduce your exposure to any potential irritants (刺激物).

When it comes to the health of your hair and skin, there may be a few other reasons to worry about wet hair.“Generally, it’s thought not to be good for hair to sleep with it wet,” says Dr.George Cotsarelis, a professor of dermatology (皮肤病学), “4.”

It’s also worth noting that almost anything you do to your hair―from brushing and blow-drying it to coloring it or exposing it to the sun―can damage it.

A.Hence, any concerns about wet hair are theoretical.

B.In some cases, wet hair may actually be a helpful sleep aid.

C.Over time, it can lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.

D.There may be some mild risks associated with going to bed with wet hair.

E.Another wet-hair rumor (谣传) is the idea that harmful bacteria will colonize your pillow.

F.This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold.

八、概要写作

Directions: Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.

What comes first: the optimism or the good health?

Optimism, defined as the general expectation that the future will be favorable, could provide ways to improve health, some researchers believe.But scientists remain unsure if optimism goes ahead of health improvements, or vice versa.

A recent study suggests that most people can’t help but to think optimistically.This study was conducted by Ed O’Brien, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.The findings suggest that people have a natural tendency to think positively about their future.

Participants were asked to create a list of imaginary personal experiences that would make them happy or unhappy over the course of the next year.They then ranked how difficult it was to plan that list and how happy they believed they would be in the future overall.The easier it was for people to think of positive future experiences, the happier they imagined they would be.However, there was no relationship between easily developing negative future experiences and expecting to be unhappy as a result.

O’Brien concluded that people seem to discount the possibility that future negative events will make them happy overall, suggesting that optimism might come more naturally.“We’re not as used to thinking about the future in terms of things that are going to go wrong.” O’Brien’s study is one of many to find that people are consistently optimistic about their future, predicting pleasant experiences and discounting unpleasant ones.If optimism may lead to better health and people generally tend to think optimistically, what does this mean for the connection between mental and physical health? “If we can make sure that optimism comes before healthy states, we might be able to involve and improve people’s optimism,” Boehm explained.However, it’s difficult to determine what comes first: the optimism or the good health.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

九、汉译英

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.看来小王并不满足于已取得的进步。(It)

___________________________

2.除非你注意言行，不然你会发现很难和新同事和睦相处。(get along)

___________________________

3.无论什么情况都决不能饶恕那些企图在学术研究中弄虚作假的人，毕竟学习无捷径。(Never)

___________________________

4.让教练倍感欣慰的是，队员们并没有因为球迷的吹毛求疵而垂头丧气，而是取长补短，更加努力地训练。(make up for)

___________________________

十、图画作文

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

请认真观察这幅图片，然后结合自己的生活实际写一篇发言稿，在班会上与同学们分享你对该现象的思考。你的作文中必须包括:

1、简述图片内容；

2、分析产生这一现象的原因；

3、谈谈你的看法。

注意:作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息；

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第六篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

茶起源于中国。虽然神农氏最早发现并利用茶只是传说，但中国茶文化的形成源于我国唐代却是不争的事实。

自唐开元年间起，唐人上自天子，下至黎民百姓，几乎所有人都不同程度地饮茶。唐人饮茶已开始注重品饮艺术，这与唐之前的茶主要作为药用或者是粗放型解渴的饮用形式相比，是一个质变的过程。唐朝中叶盛行煎茶法，煎茶用的是饼茶，将饼茶加工成细末状的茶末，再进行煎煮。陆羽的《茶经》将饮茶分为赏茶、鉴水、列具、烹煮、品饮等若干环节，每个环节都使人置身于美的境界之中，这就把饮茶的方法程序化了，并辅以美学思想， 从而形成优美的意境和韵律 ，将饮茶上升到艺术的高度。

在宋代，茶不仅成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的物品，是“开门七件事”之一，而且饮茶的风俗深入到民间生活的各个方面。当时，开封、临安两都茶肆、茶坊林立，客来敬茶的礼俗也已广为流传。与唐代相比，宋代茶文化有了明显的变化，饮茶方法在唐代陆羽的基础上又迈进了一步， 由原来的煎茶法发展成为更为高雅的点茶法。点茶法比唐代煎茶法更讲究，追求茶的真香、真味，不掺任何杂质，当时的时尚还十分注重点茶过程中的动作优美协调。较之于唐代煎茶，宋人更喜爱典雅精致的点茶艺术。

元代虽然历史较短，但在饮茶法上却进一步走向成熟。唐宋时期人们饮茶时加入葱、姜、盐等调料与茶混煮的习惯， 到了元代逐渐被摈弃，采用更为简单的“清饮”方式。元代人已开始普遍使用茶叶或茶末煎煮饮茶，不加或少加调料。这种简便、纯粹的“清饮”方式被越来越多的人接受。

茶文化发展到明代，发生了具有划时代意义的变革。随着茶叶加工方法的简化，茶的品饮方式也走向简单化，盛行了几个世纪的唐宋煎点饮茶法变革成了用沸水冲泡的瀹饮法，“瀹”有“浸、渍”的意思。瀹饮法， 即以沸水直接冲泡茶叶的方法。这种沸水冲泡散茶的饮用方法逐渐取代了煎点法的主导地位，成为中国人至今都普遍使用的饮茶方法。

（取材于姜天喜《论中国茶文化的形成与发展》）

1、根据材料一，下列对中国茶文化发展历史的理解，不正确的一项是

A、茶起源于中国，茶文化的形成可追溯到神农氏时期。

B、唐之前粗放型解渴的饮茶方式到唐代演变为煎茶法。

C、宋代点茶法比唐代更高雅，注重动作的优美协调。

D、从元至明的饮茶法越来越简单化，并流传至今。

2、根据材料一，下列对从唐至今饮茶风俗的理解，正确的一项是

A、沸水冲泡是一贯的饮茶方法

B、中国人普遍喜欢饮茶

C、饮茶讲究典雅精致的艺术

D、饮茶追求茶叶的真香、真味

3、下列对材料二中出现的字词的解说，不正确的一项是

A、淬炼：淬，读作“cuì”。

B、载体：载，书写的第九笔是撇（丿）。

C、置之度外：度，义同“气度不凡”中的“度”。

D、众乐乐：乐，“快乐”之意。

4、根据材料二，下列诗句表达的意境不符合茶道中“隐”的一项是

A、结庐在人境，而无车马喧。 （陶渊明《饮酒》）

B、岩扉松径长寂寥，惟有幽人自来去。 （孟浩然《夜归鹿门歌》）

C、杏树坛边渔父，桃花源里人家。 （王维《田园乐》）

D、雨里鸡鸣一两家，竹溪村路板桥斜。 （王建《雨过山村》）

5、根据材料二，下列对茶道内容的理解，正确的一项是

A、“闲”不是指时间上的闲，重要的是一种生活态度。

B、茶道中的“隐”是指要避开喧嚣繁华而隐居山林。

C、陆羽认为饮茶可以使人成为“精行俭德之人”。

D、茶道体现了中国文化中“德乐合一”的乐观精神。

6、根据材料三，下列对茶道四境的理解，正确的一项是

A、徐渭认为饮茶的物境包括使用的器具、冲泡的方法、声乐氛围等。

B、茶道四境不仅体现了生活的情趣，也体现了道德境界的追求。

C、传统茶道的四境只在乎空间要素而弱化了时间维度。

D、真正懂茶的人在品茶的全过程中是不能用语言交流的。

7、阅读下面《红楼梦》片段，回答问题。

①妙玉听了，忙去烹了茶来。宝玉留神看他是怎么行事。只见妙玉亲自捧了一个海棠花式雕漆填金云龙献寿的小茶盘，里面放一个成窑五彩小盖钟，捧与贾母。贾母道：“我不吃六安茶。”妙玉笑说：“知道。这是老君眉。”

②那妙玉便把宝钗和黛玉的衣襟一拉，二人随他出去，宝玉悄悄的随后跟了来。只见妙玉让他二人在耳房内，宝钗坐在榻上，黛玉便坐在妙玉的蒲团上。

③又见妙玉另拿出两只杯来。一个旁边有一耳，杯上镌着“小比个隶字，后有一行小真字是“晋王恺珍玩”，又有“宋元丰五年四月眉山苏轼见于秘府”一行小字。妙玉便斟了一校递与宝钗。那一只形似钵而小，也有三个垂珠篆字，镌着“点犀{乔皿}”。妙玉斟了一{乔皿}与黛玉。仍将前番自己常日吃茶的那只绿玉斗来斟与宝玉。

④“这是五年前我在玄墓蟠香寺住着，收的梅花上的雪，共得了那一鬼脸青的"花瓮一瓮，总舍不得吃，埋在地下，今年夏天才开了。我只吃过一回，这是第二回了。”

根据上面《红楼梦》片段，以及本大题三个材料的内容，下列分析不正确的一项是

A、从贾母等人饮茶的方法可以判断，他们的饮茶法不属于煎茶法。

B、妙玉单叫宝钗、黛玉去耳房饮茶，体现了茶道四境中的“人境”。

C、妙玉给宝钗、黛玉的茶具很珍贵，只将自己用的茶具给宝玉，说明男女有别。

D、妙玉深谙茶道，对泡茶的用水非常讲究，表现她恬淡、孤傲、清高的性格。

8、当代人应如何继承传统茶道蕴含的文化精神呢？请根据三则材料的内容，提三条建议。

二、文言文阅读

阅读下面的文言文，完成文后各题。

治溷生传

明・童轩

治溷生①，不知何许人。始来京师，僦屋以居其妻子。尝谋诸妇曰：“京师甲第连甍，高者飞，低者麟次，皆有]舍其中，吾顾无他能，将求治溷以为业，不识可乎？”妇曰：“唯唯。”

生乃置溲器二、a一，恒冠帻曳履，负器荷a，日往富贵者之门为之治溷。治溷一辄取钱数文。人见其巾帻类儒生也，因呼为“治溷生”。生闻而喜曰：“甚善名我。”乃益勤其业，日治数溷，得钱数十文，虽身陷淄污、颜面L荨⑿朊蓟嘧牵亦不少惜也。莫则以钱市酒肉，施施从外归，相与妇子醉饱酣歌以为乐。旦则复出，莫归复如之。

如是者累年，将以为起家之业，子孙可世守而弗易也。有见而哀之者曰：“汝何至为是耶！汝冠儒，必且知书，要必博古今，潜道德，抗浮云之志，砺青风之节，以与古之贤人哲士照耀后先，斯于儒服为称。审不能焉，则必吐奇出策，树立功名，以与时之忠臣义士争雄并驰，斯亦无愧于儒也。又不能焉，则求老农老圃而往师之，亦足给以自活。汝何至为是耶！且古之君子敦廉洁之行，明取舍之分，虽以朝夕不食，饥以不能出门户，苟非道义，其视千驷万钟若将浼己而不顾视，况汝之裳不洁，触秽臭困怀中如是！使其人见之，必将掩鼻而疾走矣。汝何至为是耶！”

生闻而笑曰：“吾业非汝所知也！且子谓博古今、潜道德、吐奇出策、树立功名，非劳心者不能也。农圃之事，暑雨祈寒，终岁勤动，非劳力者不能也。且劳心者道德之传，必系乎天；功业之建，必因乎时。彼欲强而行之，人皆骂为迂蚩者耳。至若劳力农圃，苟或水旱不得，则饥馑相仍，卒至穷困转徙。是则道之不行，不免招尤而速谤，农之不获，不免啼饥而号寒。孰与吾之治溷：内不劳于心，外不劳于力，负吾器，荷吾a，窥瓮小大浅深从而锹锘焉，从而陶]②焉。少用其勤则剩获其利，归而持酒肉，而吾妇子又醉饱。嘻嘻，视彼劳心力而无成者真所谓迂蚩者耳！子何足以知吾业乎！今夫骈拇枝指、悬疣附赘，固出性而成于形也，子又何以能使吾改其业乎！”

注释：①治溷生：掏粪人。溷，厕所。②]：同“冗”，多余。

1、下列对句中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是

A、低者麟次 次：有次序地排列着

B、莫则以钱市酒肉 莫：通“暮”，晚上

C、砺青风之节 砺：磨炼

D、且古之君子敦廉洁之行 敦：督促

2、下列各组语句中加点词的意义和用法，相同的一项是

A、因呼为“治溷生”

相如因持璧却立

B、审不能焉，则必吐奇出策

此则岳阳楼之大观也

C、虽以朝夕不食

夫夷以近，则游者众

D、生闻而笑曰

3、下列对文中语句的理解，不正确的一项是

A、将求治溷以为业，不识可乎

想要把掏粪的工作作为自己的职业，不了解可以吗

B、则求老农老圃而往师之，亦足给以自活

那么可以向老农老圃学习种田种菜，也可以养活自己

C、使其人见之，必将掩鼻而疾走矣

假使别人看见了，一定会捂着鼻子快速跑开

D、视彼劳心力而无成者真所谓迂蚩者耳

4、将下面的句子译为现代汉语。

①农圃之事，暑雨祈寒，终岁勤动，非劳力者不能也。

②是则道之不行，不免招尤而速谤，农之不获，不免啼饥而号寒。

5、“汝何至为是耶”这句话在第三段中反复出现三次，有什么作用？

6、治溷生是个普通人，他的观点对今天的服务行业有怎样的启示？请结合文章内容并联系现实谈谈你的理解。

三、诗歌鉴赏

阅读下面这首诗，完成文后各题。

赤壁

南宋 戴复古

千载周公瑾，如其在目前。

英风挥羽扇，烈火破楼船。

白鸟沧波上，黄州赤壁边。

长江酹明月，更忆老坡仙。

1、下列对这首诗的理解，不正确的一项是

A、首联写作者来到赤壁岸边，眼前浮现出英雄周瑜的形象。

B、颔联写诸葛亮挥动羽扇，火烧赤壁，为大破曹军立下了功勋。

C、颈联回到眼前，实写赤壁江面烟波浩渺，白鸟飞翔的景象。

D、尾联联想到谪居黄州的苏东坡及其以赤壁为题创作的名篇。

2、“联想”就是因一事物而想起与之相关的其他事物。例如《赤壁》“千载周公瑾，如其在目前”。

下列诗句中没有运用联想的一项是

A、姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船。 （张继《枫桥夜泊》）

B、去年今日此门中，人面桃花相映红。 （崔护《题都城南庄》）

C、何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。 （李商隐《夜雨寄北》）

D、伤心桥下春波绿，曾是惊鸿照影来。 （陆游《沈园二首》）

3、戴复古的《赤壁》与苏轼的《念奴娇 赤壁怀古》都是与赤壁之战有关的怀古诗词，请比较两首诗词在思想内容方面的异同。

4、今年央视第二季《中国诗词大会》要求选手在“飞花令”这一比赛环节依次说出含有某个字的诗句。请按“飞花令”的游戏规则，在横线上填写含有“春”字的作品原句。

① ，将有事于西畴。 （陶渊明《归去来兮辞》）

② ？往事知多少。 （李煜《虞美人》）

③ 好雨知时节， 。（杜甫《春夜喜雨》）

④ 今年欢笑复明年， 。 （白居易《琵琶行》）

⑤ ，微冷，山头斜照却相迎。 （苏轼《定**》）

⑥红酥手，黄g酒， 。 （陆游《钗头凤》）

四、现代文阅读

阅读下面的作品，完成文后各题。

过尽行人君不来

――梅岭古道随想

王威廉

①这世间已有太多的路，但只有极少数的道路，才能借助历史的机缘，在蒙蒙的时间尘埃里脱颖而出，被永恒铭记。

②我是站在梅岭古道的关隘处，想到这些的。两侧逼仄的山崖，逼人警觉，仰视，仿佛山石随时塌陷。向山脊南北眺望，是望不到边际的葱绿。梅岭古道山体上那些被墨绿色苔藓遮盖的斧凿痕迹依然鲜明，没有炸药的年代，面对顽石，人们只能以硬碰硬，山间全是叮叮当当的巨大回音，虎口震裂，石屑飞溅，才有了一道道或深或浅的刻痕，那样的艰辛，无法想象。我伸开双臂丈量，怀疑最宽处都不足五米，上上下下的石阶被上千年的踩踏，已经不成形状，我要不断低头看路，小心着脚下的石头。而路边的荒草，在风中摇摆着，显得更加茂盛，不可一世。

③这条路纵使早已废弃，却绝不会被遗忘。这条路就是那种从时间的尘埃里脱颖而出的道路。离古道向南再继续走一阵，就到了珠玑巷，据说那是北人南迁而来的第一站，正是从那里开始，一批批中原人扎进了岭南的密林，一直走到东亚大陆的尽头……

④这条路最让人怀念的，却不是它的地理意义，它和人类的其他事物一样，所能彪炳千秋的，依然是沉淀下来的文化风采。在这条道路上，数不清的杰出人物留下了他们的诗篇，赞美这儿绚烂的梅花。是的，若遇上对的时节，这里的梅花开得格外艳丽，尤其站在关隘高处向下望去，是一片灿烂热烈的花海。这样绝美的风景，怎能不引发诗心的吟唱？不过，只要读过古人的诗篇就会明白，这条道路打动他们的更本质的原因，是他们在这里感悟到了人生的道路。

⑤“鹤骨霜髯心已灰，青松合抱手亲栽。问翁大庾岭上住，曾见南迁几个回？”苏轼走上梅岭写的《赠岭上老人》格外打动我。秘密就在此：“曾见南迁几个回？”越过五岭，穿过梅关，在古代是一种流放，一种罪刑，此地虽有梅花千顷，此身却是戴罪之躯。理想就如这梅花般娇艳，可是该如何去实现呢？也许这一去就是一生，就是无法抵抗的微躯消亡，就是无法忍受的信念熄灭。古道梅关，是一道无形的界限，来和去，进与出，每一遭，都是一场命运的浮沉，无所适从的渺小个人，怎能不深深喟叹呢？

⑥人的命运，永远被某种更大的情势所裹挟。古道如人，像梅岭这样重要的道路，自然无法逃脱。文天祥的《南安军》一诗，读来至今让我觉得荡气回肠：“梅花南北路，风雨湿征衣。出岭同谁出？归乡如不归！山河千古在，城郭一时非。饿死真吾志，梦中行采薇。”写这首诗时的文天祥，已经被元军俘虏了，向北方押解走过梅岭，他的心碎裂了，红梅如血，白梅如尸布。岭南那原本的流放之地现在成了大宋的最后根据地，如今根据地也没了，山河彻底易主，向南向北的含义截然相反了。东坡向北路过梅岭，那是梦寐以求的还乡之旅，而文天祥的北上，却是“归乡如不归”的惨烈。国已倾覆，何来家园？对比同时期的胜利者，他们的心境是轻松明快的，率军南下灭宋的元主将伯颜，在走过梅岭时写了《度梅关》一诗：“马首经从梅岭归，王师到处即平夷。担头不带关南物，只插梅花一两枝。”伯颜是那么巧妙地写出了征服者的真正傲慢，看似不经意地在行囊上只插了一两枝梅花，却是一种更强大的宣告：不是不带走你们南关的物产，而是天下都是我们的了，用不着了！

⑦如今，我的微躯站在隘口，被苍老的风吹着，我真切意识到时间的诡异，一切都烟消云散了，只有地球上的这个地址还没有变，虽然也是暂时的，但这是唯一可以确信的事物了。因为石头的“暂时”，要长过无数人的生命。我只欣赏东坡先生的道风仙骨。只要能超越眼前的这一切，就能看到没有不变的中心与边缘。今日岭南无疑已成中心之一，五岭的山壑也被科技的发展轻松逾越，今天要是说句“曾见南迁几个回”，恐怕有点儿戏谑和玩笑的含义了，我便是其中的一员，过五岭迄今已经十五年。来岭南不再是流放，而是相反――寻梦。那么，东坡写梅岭的诗，今天还能打动我吗？我相信东坡就是东坡，他总有在千百年之后依然直击人心的本领。

⑧这一次，东坡先生终于遇赦北回了。他往北走，往回走，不急不缓，终于，又到了梅岭，不管心境还是思绪与以往全然不同。他又赋诗一首《赠岭上梅》：“梅花开尽杂花开，过尽行人君不来。不趁青梅尝煮酒，要看细雨熟黄梅。”我们看到的已经是一个成熟审慎的东坡，他也许是带着些许希望的欢悦的，但这欢悦已经被流放的生活化成了一种内心的笃定与超然。君虽然还没来，我却没有格外的焦急，我有的是旷达的耐心，哪怕青梅变成了黄梅，我却觉得那更美。只因为，我已经不再是一颗酸涩的青梅。

⑨同行者都返回了，我一个人走下梅关的另一侧，坐在一处石台上，享受一会儿天地间的孤独。附近只有一家小店，我要了一杯褐黄色的土茶，慢慢喝着，满口苦涩，心中竟然充满了“过尽行人君不来”的感慨。我没有在这里约过、错过什么人，但依然渴望遇见什么，也许遇见的就是这一番历史的感慨吧，归根结底，渴望遇见，这是生而为人的那一份固有的期盼之心。正是这份期盼之心，让我们在道路上启程、停歇并最终抵达。

（取材于《散文》20xx年第5期）

1、下列词语在文中的意思，理解不正确的一项是

A、逼仄：指山崖逼近 B、彪炳千秋： 指古道的文化风采流传千秋万代

C、诡异：指时间变化奇异 D、笃定：指苏轼流放后的从容不迫

2、下列对文章内容的理解，最恰当的一项是

A、作者在梅岭古道亲眼看到了斧凿的石壁、千年的石阶、茂盛的梅花。

B、从梅岭古道开始，一批批中原人扎进了岭南的密林，一直走到东亚大陆的尽头。

C、古人之所以写下赞美梅岭古道的无数诗篇，本质原因是这里绝美的风景。

D、作者欣赏东坡先生的道风仙骨，并从东坡的经历中领悟到人生真谛。

3、文章第⑥段引用文天祥和伯颜的诗有什么作用？

4、文章第⑦段写到“只要能超越眼前的这一切，就能看到没有不变的中心与边缘”。结合文章内容，谈谈你对这句话的理解。

5、文章以“过尽行人君不来”为题有何含义？

6、作者来岭南是为了寻梦，梅岭古道触发了他对未来的梦想。类似的梦在许多文学名著中出现，如翠翠的梦、桑提亚哥的梦、孙少平的梦等。请你从读过的文学名著中选取一例，结合具体内容，分析其表现的精神或追求。

第七篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

2020届上海市虹口区高三二模语文试卷

1.按要求填空。(5分)

(1)一箪食,一瓢饮, __________。人不堪其忧,回也不改其乐。(《论语》)

(2)______________,凤去台空江自流。(李白《_________》)

(3)王国维认为古今之成大事业、大学问者,必经过三种境界,其中第一境是“昨夜西风凋碧树，_________。”

2.按要求选择(5分)

(1)小明克服病情,在考试中取得了比较好的成绩,同学想表示祝贺,以下内容合适的一项是( )。(2分)

A.宣父犹能畏后生,丈夫未可轻年少。

B.百岁光阴一梦蝶,重回首往事堪嗟。

C.莫愁前路无知己,天下谁人不识君。

D.看似寻常最奇崛,成如容易却艰辛。

(2)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是( )。(3分)

各政府职能部门横向上相互砍立,______,_______,______,______,形成了一个封闭的金字塔式的结构。

①下一级对上一级层层负责

②分别行使不同的管理职能

③整个行政系统内部实行垂直领导

④纵向上具有明显的权力行使的单向性

A.④②①③ B.①④②③

C.③①②④ D.②④③①

二 阅读 70分

(一)阅读下文,完成第3—7题。(16分)

①“元典精神”，是指一个民族的“文化元典”所集中体现的原创性精神。这种典籍因其首创性及度盖面的广阔性、思考的深邃性,而在该民族的历史进程中成为生活的指针。印度的《吠陀经》,波斯的《古圣经》,柏拉图、亚里斯多德等先哲的论著,犹太及-的“六经”《圣经》,伊斯兰教的《可兰经》,都被相关民族视为“元典”。在中华文化系统中,堪称元典,与之相关的《论语》《孟子》《老子》等典籍也具有“元典”性质。

②文化元是特定时代、实地域的产物、当以历史文献视之,“六经皆史”即此之谓也。同时,元典的某些基本精神又能观照久远的岁月,反复被后人重断刻勒,对民族的价值取向、行为方式、审美情趣、思维范式造成深远而长期的影响。元典的这种超越性是由其基本特质所致:它们的思考指向宇宙、社会和人生的普遍性问题。同时,元典在回答这些始终困扰人类的普遍性问题时,提供的是一种哲理式的框架,而非实证性的结论,是开放式的原型,而并非封闭式的教条。这使元典不致国内容和形式的时代局限沦为明日黄花,而能作为一种灵感的清泉,赢得不朽性,一再发挥巨大的启迪功能。

③从文化史角度审视,近代文明既是对中世纪文明的继承和发展,同时也是对中世纪某些束缚社会进步的制度和精神的否定。近代文明对中世纪的否定,往往借助于对古代文明某些因素的“复归”。当然,这种复归并非复古,而是一种螺旋式上升的进程。这种向“哲学原旨”“文化原本”汲取灵感、获得前进基点的文化现象,不仅在西方出现过,在东方也多次出现。考之以中国近代思想文化史,“返其初”现象可谓俯拾即是。经史学家皮锡瑞在论及清学演变时曾概括:学愈进而愈古,义愈推而愈高;屡迁而返其初,一变而至于道。19世纪中后叶活跃在中国思想界的先进文化人,从徐继畲、魏源到郭嵩焘、薛福成,进而到康有为、梁启超,继之到孙中山、章太炎,其具体见解虽各有差异,但菲薄“近古”崇尚“远古”并以此求新、求变,却是他们共同遵循的思维路向。

④20世纪以降,工兴文明在全球范围取得长足进展,特别是现在,包括中国在内的世界各国在工业化轨道上突飞猛进,文明的器用层面、制度层而和观念层面都发生着愈益深刻的现代化转型。然而,“现代化”给人类带来的并非单一式的进步,而是善恶并进、苦乐同行的矛盾过程,正所谓“省忧喜之共门分,察吉凶之同城”。不论与自然交互关系这一面,单就人与人的关系这一面而论,工业文明取得了社会契约化、法治化、民主化的重要进程却又带来人的异化、物欲主义的泛温、道德的沉沦、科学文化与人文文化的分离、社会的失衡等令人困扰的问题,显示了个人失调以至社会失衡的危险趋向,

⑤面对当今形势,人类正在寻找解决途径。中华元典所贯穿的一天人、合知行、同真善、兼内外的融通精神,行健不息、生生不已的好勤乐生主义,人道亲亲的人文传统,以及德业日新意识、社会改革意识、文化包容意识、宇中和谐意识等等,经过创造性的转化,无疑成为现代人克服“现代病”的良药。这便是在“退却与重回”中获得民族文化原创性动力的“返本开新”之路,用新见来促变元典的革故鼎新之路。这种双向性的辩证发展进程,正是中华文化现代化的正途。

(节选自《中华元典精神的近现代意义》,有删改)

3.第③段中的“复归”一词为什么要加引号?请做简要分析(2分)

4.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是( )(3分)

A.元典精神体现在世界各民族遗留下来的文化典籍中,这些典籍具有“元典”性质。

B. 文化元典提供永恒的精神因子,能产生不朽而深远的影响,以解决困扰人的问题。

C.工业文明利弊参半,而“返木开新”“革故鼎新”之路才是中华文化现代化的正途。

D.近代文明在其发展的进程中选择以“尚古”作为前进的基点,古今中外概莫能外。

5.下列对原文论证的相关分析,不正确的一项是( )(3分)

A.文章从历史到现实展开论证,既有对历史发展的深刻剖析,也有对当下现实的冷峻思考。

B.文章论述从文化史角度审视近代文明时,将国外史料与中国文化人的理论材料作了对比。

C.文章围绕论题,采用层层推进的方式进行论证,从多个角度充分说理,具有严密的逻辑性。

D.文章末段从解决问题的立场出发,指出面对当今形势,人类特别是中国正在寻找解决途径。

6.根据原文内容,下列说法不正确的一项是( )(3分)

A.一个民族的“文化元典”必有其原创性的元典精神,这种精神会潜移默化地渗透在该民族的社会与生活之中。

B.元典不会被时代淘汰,因为元典超越现实关照久远,亲近哲理提供实证,具有开放的气度和终极关怀的胸襟。

C.东西方文化共同遵循一条借助“复归”来谋求现实变革的思路,以至“返其初”的现象深刻影响了近代文明的进程。

D.中华元典凝聚了中华文明的优良传统,而今要发展现代中国,还需要开辟来白中华文化原创性动力的“返本开新”之路。

7.概括本文的行文思路。(5分)

(二)阅读下文,完成第8—11题。(15分)

寻声楚吟缓缓归

汤世杰

①听见一声“到了”,应声望去,种归就到了。这句话猛然唤醒了我:那场处心积虑的返回,将将抵达。路上,我一直深究的,正是“秭归”这个地名。“秭”,《广韵》中称“千亿”。“归”,即返回,扩展为反观、反思。所谓“秭归”,便是万千人生的返回,反现与反思。

②屈原必深谙于此,他的一生是对“返回”最好的注释,而导引这一切的就是诗。屈原本质上是个诗人,以文辞与辩才名世,“诗”与“策”,是他生命的两翼。他曾极力以他的“策”去报放他的国,可惜君王既不懂他的“诗”,也无视他的“策”“。当”策“的翅膀被折断,便只能返回去做他的诗人。

③我到的那天,是端午前一天。这些年,我在异域他乡身心俱疲,每时每刻都渴望着归去。如果”返回“”归“是秭归的一大属性,漂泊与流浪,则是秭归的又一大属性。没有漂泊与流浪,何来”返回“与”归“?

④多年前一个端午,我去过老秭归。那年的端午诗会是在一个幽暗的礼堂进行。轮到我上台时,浑身都在哆嗦。紧张,突然意识到了那个时刻的庄严。诗是秭归的骨与血。只有那时,你才会真切想起你面对的,是中国最古老也最伟大的诗人屈原——一直颠沛流离于江河湖海的诗人。在他身后,世界迷失了方向,至今还在迷失。汉唐以降,诗早成了仕途进阶攀附的云梯,诗的价值断崖式跌落。人沦为徒具内身的躯壳,灵魂无家可归。比如我,多年漂泊异乡,以为浪迹天涯阅尽春秋有无尽豪迈,其实无非是一种极致的自我迷失,潇洒中隐藏着的唯有孤独。在这个意义上,我们与屈原一样,一直处于无尽的流放与漂泊之中……

⑤翌日清晨我醒得早,沿乐平里盘山小道爬上去,来到屈原庙前奉上三柱香。只有在乐平里,才能感受到屈原穿越了两千多年时光,整整走过一部中国文明史。说屈原只知忠君报国的论者,他们忘了屈原终其一生都是个追寻真善美的诗人。在他那里,美政与美人同为一体,二者不过是”美“的不同形态。他是人类历史上为数不多的以”美“为终极目标的歌者。美是这个世界上最崇高的,她高踞于山河之上,与日月同光。

⑥祭奠屈子的招魂仪式即将开始。在高高的屈原庙脚下,一张普通条桌,铺上一幅深红色绒嶂。凝眸处,”三闾骚坛“四个稚拙可亲的隶书字,让整个乐平里顿有千钧之重。条桌上,供着显见是出于民间手笔的灵牌:”楚三闾大夫屈原之魂魄位“,两边”清烈千秋师“”忠贞万古存“两行小字,点点滴滴都是淋漓的民心。烛灯、香炉、酒盅、点心一溜排开,轻烟缭绕,人世静穆。纸扎的引魂幡以素雅的清白,在屈原庙前沉郁的深色背景里,时而低垂,时而轻飚。由一面鼓、两面锣、一副大钱组成的乐队,四个乡人,把阵阵锣鼓敲打得叫人热血盈沸。三个吟诵招魂诗的多人开始了吟唱。那是始自屈原的道地楚吟,来自大地,悲悯悠扬,深切跌宕,忧而不伤。置身在那样的气氛里,异样的肃穆让人既振奋充盈,又虚脱无力,屈原若魂魄来归,必可听见乡党的声声呼唤。

⑦招魂之要义不在召回肉身,而在以吟唱呼唤、重现他的诗意,诗,从诞生之日起,便与”唱“紧紧相连。三闾骚坛的诗人,一代代地读诗写诗唱诗,那既是怀念屈原,也是他们自身生命的需要。来自俗世的吟唱者,肉身沉重,尘埃满身,没有翅膀,无法飞翔,只好以吟唱代替飞翔。他们的吟诵,率真的粗砺一如裸露的山野,无饰的挚拙恰似未耕的田园,有无名山花之清纯,有在山之水的凛冽。

⑧坐在身边的朋友悄悄问我,能不能也朗诵一首自己的诗作。久不为诗,我只在去乐平里的路上,用手机记下过一些思绪。头天在县城吃过的粽子状若小喇叭,凝视良久,总以为它在吹奏什么,讲诉什么。解开紧紧缠裹着粽子的道道绳索,一如解开屈原身上的左徒官服,方可见屈原作为一个大地诗人的真身,向世界奉献他几经慈煮早已热透的核核之心,顿时诗意汹涌,蜜汁涟漪流溢,九州为之庆幸。不如此,我们将痛失《九歌》《天问》,失去那位伟大的浪漫主义诗人。而乐平里的乡亲、农人,则在千年之后,得以继续为大地招魂,为意思招魂,为生命招魂。

⑨朗诵间隙,我与从台上走下来的乡亲悄声聊天,问他们的写作,他们的吟唱。刚才参与招魂吟唱的三位乡人,没有一个职业诗人。在乐平里,在秭归,诗性的日子已成常态。诗,伴随着他们的日常,伴随着他们的油盐柴米欢乐悲辛。

⑩离开秭归的路上,我记述下这一切,一首仿楚辞的习作适时而生。三十五年辗转,我终于在聆听了那场楚吟后,完成了身与心的同时返回,肉与灵的共同抵达。

(有删改)

8.本文题目中的”楚吟“意蕴丰厚,请结合全文概括”楚吟“的含义。(3分)

9.第①段重点阐释了”稀归“这个地名,简要分析其作用。(4分)

10.赏析第⑧段画线句,(4分)

11.文章浓墨重彩地刻画了祭奠屈原的”三闾骚坛诗会“,分析作者这样写的意图。(4分)

(三)阅读下面的诗歌,完成第12-14题。(8分)

移居二首(其二)

[东晋]陶渊明

春秋多佳日,登高赋新诗。过门更相呼,有酒斟酌之。

农务各自归,闲暇辄相思。相思则披衣,言笑无厌时。

此理将1不胜?无为忽去兹。衣食当须纪2,力耕不吾欺。

【注】①此理:这种生活乐趣。将:岂,②纪:经营料理。

12.下列关于本诗的说法不正确的一项是( )。(2分)

A.从作者所处的年代看,本诗不是一首律诗。

B.”相思则披衣“句运用了顶真的修辞手法。

C.”言笑无厌时“句写与家人谈笑从无厌倦。

D.”无为忽去兹“表达作者对此生活的喜爱。

13.以下对本诗风格的评价贴切的一项是( )。(2分)

A.慷概豪迈 B.清丽朦胧

C.平淡自然 D.清淡空灵

14.结合整首作品,评析”衣食当须纪,力耕不吾欺“两句的作用。(4分)

(四)阅读下文,完成第15—20题。(19分)

①张俭,宛平人。性端悫,不事外饰,统和十四年,举进士第一,调云州幕官。故事,车驾经行,长吏当有所献。圣宗猎云中,节度使进曰:”臣境无他产,惟幕僚张俭,一代之宝,愿以为献。“召见,容止朴野;访及世务,占奏三十余事。由此顾遇特异践历清华号称明干。

②重熙五年,兴宗幸礼部贡院及亲试进士,皆俭发之。进见不名,赐诗褒美。俭衣唯绸帛,食不重味,月俸有余,期给亲旧。方冬,奏事便殿,帝见衣袍弊恶,密令近付以火夹穿孔记之,屡见不易。帝问其故,俭对曰:”臣服此袍已三十年。“时尚奢靡,故以此微讽喻之。上怜其清贫,令恣取内府物,俭奉诏持布三端而出,益见奖重。俭弟五人,上欲俱赐进士第,固辞。有司获盗八人,既戮之,乃获正贼。家人诉冤,俭三乞申理。上勃然曰:”卿欲朕偿命耶!“俭曰:”八家老稚无告,少加存恤,使得收葬,足慰存没矣。“乃从之。俭在相位二十余年,裨益为多。

③致政归第,会宋书①辞不如礼,上将亲征。幸俭第,尚食先往具馔,却之:进葵羹干饭,帝食之美。徐问以策,俭极陈利害,且曰:”第遣一使问之,何必远劳车驾?“上悦高止。复即其第赐宴,器玩悉与之。二十二年薨,年九十一,敕葬完平县。

(节选自《辽史》列传第十)

【注】①书:国书。

15.写出下列加点词在句中的意思。(2分)

(1)令恣取内府物( )

(2)第遣一使问之( )

16.为下列句中加点词选择释义正确的一项。(2分)

(1)故事,车驾经行,长吏当有所献(

A.典故 B.事故

C.旧例 D.杜撰的事情

(2)召见,容止朴野

A.粗鲁 B.质朴

C.郊外 D.不受拘束

17.把第②段画线句译成现代汉语。(6分)

方冬,奏事便殿,帝见衣袍弊恶,密令近侍以火夹穿孔记之,屡见不易。

18.用”/“为第①段画线部分断句。(2分)

由此顾遇特异践历清华号称明干

19. 第②段叙写了张俭的多件事,概述其中详写的两件事。(4分)

20.从全文看,”一代之宝“张俭的优点有??、??、??等。(3分)

(五)阅读下文,完成第21-—21题。(12分)

伐树记

[宋]欧阳修

①署之东园,久茀1不治。修至始辟之,粪瘠溉枯,为蔬国十数畦、又植花果桐竹凡百本。春阳__浮,萌者将动。园之守启日:”园有樗焉.其根壮而叶大。根壮则梗地脉,耗阳气,而新植者不得滋:叶大则阴翳蒙碍,而新植者不得畅以茂。又其材拳曲臃肿,疏轻而不坚,不足养,是宜伐。“因尽薪之。明日,圃之守又曰:”圃之南有杏焉,凡其根庇之广可六七尺,其下之地最壤腴,以杏故,特不得蔬,是亦宜薪。“修曰:”噫!今杏方本且华,将待其实,若独不能损数畦之广为杏地邪?“因勿伐。

②既而悟且叹曰:”吁!庄周之说曰:樗、栎以不材终其天年,桂、漆以有用而见伤天,今樗诚不材矣,然一旦悉翦弃;杏之体最坚密美泽可用,反见存。岂才不才各遣其时之可否邪?“

③他日,客有过修者,仆夫曳薪过堂下,因指而语客以所疑。客曰:”是何怪邪?夫以无用处无用,庄周之贵也。以无用而贼有用,乌能免哉!被杏之有华实也,以有生之具而庇其根,幸矣!若桂、漆之不能逃乎斤斧者,盖有利之者在死,势不得以生也,与乎杏实异矣。今樗之臃肿不材,而以壮大害物,其见伐诚宜尔,与夫才者死不才者生之说,又异矣。凡物幸之与不幸,视其处之而已,“客既去,修善其言而记之。

【注】①茀:杂草丛生。②薪:砍掉作柴薪。

21.可填入第①段方框处的虚词是( )(1分)

A.而 B.之

C.则 D.既

22.下列对文意的理解和分析,正确的一项是( )(2分)

A.守园人建议把东园里的一些树砍去,使园子更加宜于种植其他果蔬花木。

B.在客人看来,树木的生死主要是看它的用途,有用者则生,无用者则死。

C.作者记伐树事,主要意图是反思自己的主观和片面,主张要善待有才者。

D.本文是一篇寓言性的哲理文,在写作技巧上主要运用反间和对比的形式。

23. 分析第②段在文中的作用.(4分)

24. 第③段中”客“是如何层层推进地进行说理的?请加以分析。(5分)

三 写作70分

25.有人说,要想让蜡烛散射出平稳明亮的光来,必须把它放到避风的地方;同样,要让人的灵魂散发出智慧的光芒,也要避免那些五花八门的思想的干扰。对此你有怎样的思请写一篇文章,谈谈你的想法。

要求:(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。

参考答案

一10分

1.(5分)(1)在陋巷(2)凤凰台上凤凰游 登金陵凤凰台(3)独上高楼 望尽天涯路

2.(5分)(1)(2分)D(2)(3分)D

二70分

(一)(16分)

3.(2分)答案示例:文中的”复归“不是简单(字面上)的复占、返回的意思,而是有特定含义,指从文化原典(古代文明)中获取灵感或进步或动力的进程(过程),因此要加引号。

评分说明:不是简单的复舌、返回1分;获取灵感或进步或动力的进程(过程)1分。

4.(3分)C

5.(3分)B

6.(3分)B

7.(5分)答案示例:文章首先提出”元典精神“并做定义:接着阐述了元典的价值在于对民族的价值取向、行为方式、审美情趣、思维定式产生积极影响和深刻启迪:然后从文化史角度进一步指出近代文明的发展在于对元典的继承,更在于对元典的求新求变。最后指出工业文明的飞速发展给现代社会带来诸多问题,需要我们返本归新,从元典中获取良方。层层推进,逻辑严密。

评分说明;①”首先提出“元典精神”并做定义“;②”接着阐述了元典的价值“;③”然后进一步指出近代文明的发展在于对元典的继承与创新“;④”最后指出现代社会需要返本归新,从元典中获取良方“。以上四点,一点1分,,共4分。总结性语言1分。

(二)(15分)

8.(3分)答案示例:①屈原那些表达对纯粹美的追求的伟大楚辞。②乡人在祭奠仪式上追

慕屈原,用楚音吟唱的诗歌:在日常生活中传承诗意,创作、吟唱的诗歌。③作者参加三闾骚坛诗会,找到心灵归宿后创作的仿楚辞习作。

评分说明:屈原的作品,乡人的吟唱、传承,作者的仿楚辞习作,三点,每点1分。

9.(4分)答案示例:第①段借《广韵》阐释了”稀归“地名的含义,意为”万干人生的返回、反观与反思“。既照应了标题”缓缓归“,又成为贯穿全文的情感线索:为结尾言志”我终于在聆听了那场楚吟后,完成了身与心的同时返回,肉与灵的共同抵达“做好铺垫:同时增添了文章的文化内涵。

评分说明:阐释地名含义;全文情感线索:照应标题;为结尾铺垫;增添文章文化内涵。

共五个点,其他答案言之成理亦可,答对四点即得4分。

10.(4分)答案示例:第⑧段画线句多处运用比喻手法,如:将屈原身上的官服比作缠裹粽子的绳索,将屈原追求真善美的赤子之心比作熟透的糙糯,将深沉芳香的诗意比作蜜汁,表达了作者对屈原的热爱崇敬之情,对诗人生命本真价值的思索,耐人寻味。

评分说明:赏析角度1分,结合具体语句阐释1分,表达作者的情感及思考2分。

11.(4分)答案示例:文章通过对屈原庙招魂的陈设、吟诵招魂诗等仪式的描写,表达了秭归人民对屈原的肃穆、隆重、庄严的纪念。同时,也通过自己受到的震动和感悟表达了对于屈原纪念的本质和意义的思考:招魂的要义在于一种宗教般的咏唱和呼唤来重现屈子的诗意，在于对真善美的诗意价值的的追寻。对屈子诗魂的呼唤,可以让精神处于流放与漂泊的后人完成身与心灵与肉的回归,归于大地、诗意和生命。

评分说明;庄严的纪念1分,给作者带来的思考、感悟3分。

(三)(8分)

12.(2分)C

13.(2分)C

14.(4分)答案示例:”衣食当须纪,力耕不吾欺“两句既是对前面写村中生活乐趣的延续,也是对这种乐趣的定位和深化。诗作前面写到的赋诗之乐、饮消之乐以及朋友相与之乐都是当时士大夫所追求和享有的生活之乐,而这两句所写的农耕之乐和真诚朴实之乐却是诗人作为一个亲近大自然的劳动者所独有的。同时这两句透露的身份定位也使前面所写的这些生活乐趣都着上了普通劳动者的色彩,深化了作品内容,体现了作者对淳朴自然的生活价值的追求。

评分说明:结合整首作品2分,评析2分。

(四)(19分)

15.(2分)(I)任意,随意(2)只

16.(2分)(I)C (2)B

17.(6分)答案示例:当时正值冬天,张俭在便殿奏事,皇帝看见他穿的衣袍又破旧又难看,秘密地命令近侍用火夹在他的衣服上穿洞来做标记,好多次发现他没有更换衣袍。

评分说明:”方“、省略的主语”张俭“、”参事便殿“、”弊恶“、”以火夹穿孔记之“、”易“

共六个点,一点1分。

18.(2分)由此顾遇特异/践历清华/号称明干

评分说明:”由此“后面可断可不断,其余地方断错一处扣1分,扣到0分为止。

19.(4分)答案示例:(1)张俭长期穿着破烂衣袍,以此对皇帝稍加劝谏。(2)张俭甘冒让

皇帝动怒的危险,多次请求重审冤案。

评分说明:把一件事讲完整得2分,否则酌情扣分,抄原文不得分。

20.(3分)答案示例:节俭、无私、公正、睿智、敢言….

评分说明:写出不重复的三点,得3分;答案超出两个字,不得分;其余答案成立也可。

(五)(12分)

21.(1分)D

22.(2分)A

23.(4分)答案示例:承上启下。(1分)由第①段改造东园时樗树被伐而杏树得以留存(1分),联想到庄周的不同的见解(”不材终其天年“、”有用而见伤天“),思考有才与无才的物类是否由于各自碰上的时代不同面有被保护与加害之别(1分),从而引出第③段关于物类去留原因的议论(1分)。

24.(5分)答案示例:首先,”客“指出庄子说法的木意,认为庄子所说是指自身无用而又处在无用的地方的物类,它们有幸能够保全自己,而如果自身无用却又去妨害有用的东西则是不能幸免于难的。(1分)然后,”客“以杏树、桂树、漆树为例,说明物类因为对人们有用的方式不同就会导致不同遭遇。(1分)之后,再直接回答作者的疑问,表明樗树就是因为既没用又会妨害他物生长而被砍伐。(1分)接着,指出园中樗树的情况与庄周所说的有才能的反而死掉、没才能的反而生存下来的情况是不同的。(1分)最后,”客“得出结论:一切物类幸与不幸的遭遇,都是根据它所处的客观环境来决定的。(1分)

评分说明:五个层次各1分。

参考译文:

官署的东面有一个园子,一直以来有很多的野草,都没有去治理它。我到了那里,开始开辟己经荒芜的土地。用粪便浇灌贫瘠的土地,用水浇灌干枯的地方,然后种上十几畦农作物,另外种植了各种花草树木。正是春天,植物开始有萌芽的迹象,这时守园人给我提出意见,说:”这园子里生长着朽树,根茎粗壮,枝叶繁茂。根茎粗壮就妨碍了地下的流通,要消耗很多大地的精气,使得你新栽的农作物都得不到营养的滋润。枝叶繁茂就使得地上的阴影面积更大,让新栽的农作物得不到充足的阳光照射,而无法正常生长,又因为樗树的形状并不直,反而弯曲,看起来十分臃肿的样子,这样的木材中间纹路稀疏,导致重量很轻,而且很不坚固。(这样的树木)不值得栽种,应该把它砍掉。“我听了他的意见,把核树砍掉了。第二天,他乂对我说:”园子南面的那棵杏树,它的根茎所占的面积半径都有六七尺大,而 它所在的地方却是这里最好的土地,让杏树长在那里而不能种植农作物,是很可惜的,应该 把它也砍掉。“我说:”哈哈!如今正是杏树生长最好的时期,而且长得繁华。它也即将结果,你就不能为了这片杏林而放弃几畦菜地吗?“所以没有将它砍掉。

后来我突然想到,并发出这样的感叹:”唉!我记得庄子曾经这样说过,樗树和栎树因为其木材没有用而能自然老死,桂树皮芳香可以食用,因而遭到砍伐,树漆因为可以派上用场,所以遭受刀斧割裂。而如今樗树是真的没有用,一旦知道了就会马上将它砍掉并抛弃:杏树的躯干是很坚固的,纹路也很紧密,色泽美丽,还可以拿来做装饰,它反而存活下来。难道有用和没用是各白要用天生条件的影响而来判断吗?“

有一天,来了位客人来拜访我,差役正拖着砍下的椿树经过堂前,(我)指着臭椿就对客人说出了自己对庄子所论述的怀疑。客人说:”这有什么感到惊讶的呢?凭着无用的态度处置无用之材正是庄周所崇尚的。世上凭借自己无用反而侵害有用之材,(那么有用之材)哪里还能幸免呢!那些杏树可利用的是花和果,因为(杏树)有花果这些供人们享用的生存的条件保护着它的根部,所以(它)幸免予被砍伐。至于桂树、漆树不能从砍伐的厄运中逃避,是因为它们被人们利用的东西只有被砍下来才能利用,所以这样一种状况必然无法生存。这跟那些杏树凭借开花结果免予砍伐是不同的啊。而今臭椿高大不成材,反而因高大妨害了别的花木生长,他们被砍去的确是理所应当的。跟那庄子"有用的死没有用的生"之说又是不同的。大约世上万物能够幸免于难与不能幸免于难,要看它所处的地位和用途罢了。\"客人离去后,我认为他说的很对,写此文以记之。

三70分(略)

第八篇: 上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

上海市长宁区届高三二模含听力英语试卷

一、短对话

A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.

C. Manager and secretary.D. Customer and shop assistant.

A. In a museum.B. In a taxi.C. On a bus.D. On a bridge.

A. Get into the car.B. Carry the bags.

C. Hurry to drive the car.D. Search for the bags.

A. Reading newspapers.B. Writing up local news.

C. Talking about sports.D. Putting up advertisements.

A. She will have coffee at school.B. She will stay for breakfast.

C. She loves to grab a coffee on the way.D. She needs to eat before school.

A. He partly agrees with the woman.B. He’s missed an important point.

C. He considers the woman competitive.D. He’s wholly been lost in a colorful life.

A. Mary must be caught in heavy traffic.B. Mary probably will not come.

C. The woman was obviously not fond of Mary.D. The woman forgot to tell Mary to come.

A. The tennis game won’t last long.B. Weather forecasts are not reliable.

C. They could stick to their plan.D. They’d better change their mind.

A. Stay till tomorrow evening.B. Leave for Beijing with Jack.

C. Go to the airport after work.D. Ask someone else for help.

A. The man doesn’t like his new suit.B. The new suit is a reminder for the man.

C. The new suit doesn’t fit the man.D. The man forgets to wear his new suit.

二、短文

Questions are based on the following speech.

1.

A. Educators from South Africa.B. Teenagers fond of cooking.

C. Students eager to make friends.D. Photographers around the world.

2.

A. Brainstorming ideas in one’s group first.B. Avoiding using cooking oil.

C. Sending a sample dish before May.D. Creating one’s own dish.

3.

A. To announce a cook competition.B. To start a cook festival on campus.

C. To advertise a local cook course.D. To organise a cook show in South Africa.

Questions are based on the following speech.

1.

A. Guitarists are vital to a pop group.B. Guitar tutors aren’t difficult to find.

C. Guitar players have more chances to travel.D. Beginners don’t make noise with the guitar.

2.A. About 60 years.B. About 500 years.C. About 1000 years. D. About 20xx years.

3.

A. Indians played the lute with a bow.B. The guitar originated in Spain.

C. The sitar took root in British music.D. The Beatles relied a lot on the brass.

4.

A. Reasons for the popularity of the guitar.B. Some interesting facts about the guitar.

C. Various kinds of guitars in the world.D. Stories of some famous guitar players.

三、长对话

Questions are based on the following speech.

1.

A. It sells things from ancient Egypt.B. It looks like an Egyptian giant.

C. It brings a feel of a different world.D. It offers a wide range of cheeses.

2.

A. Produced by the department store itself.B. Supplied by a nearby small town.

C. Collected from the outside of the building.D. Obtained from the numerous light bulbs.

3.

A. Customers spend ￡1.5 million or so per day.B. Around 30,000 customers come per day.

C. There is a big increase in customers and sales.D. Customer flow and sales are quite unsteady.

四、语法填空

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

To any soldier,I served as a second lieutenant (少尉) in a war thirty years ago. Married for only a year and a half, I missed my wife and baby daughter a lot. In the years before cell phones and Wi-Fi, we had limited opportunities 1. (communicate) with loved ones.

One night while sitting by myself, I investigated the “Any Soldier” mailbox, a cardboard box with letters and packages from Americans. I chose one shoebox-size package. Inside I found about 20 greeting cards 2. children. At the bottom was a letter written by their teacher 3. (explain) how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war. Truly touched at that very moment by this gesture, I decided to write a letter of gratitude. I thanked the teacher for 4. her children had done―its impact on my patriotism, my morale, and, 5. (significantly), my uplifted faith. For security reasons, I was able to sign only my name.

Around 20xx, I received a Facebook friend request from a woman with 6. I shared no contacts. I replied that 7. we were friends, I could not accept her request. She responded with one question: “Are you Second Lieutenant Bartholomew” I replied that I had been at one time.

“Dear sir,” she wrote. “We have never met, but thirty years ago I was a second-grade teacher at a school in Ohio and our classroom sent a care package 8. (address) to ‘Any Service Member.’ The thank-you letter you composed was framed and it 9. (post) on the wall of the school for more than 20 years. I wanted to again thank you for your service to our country.”

We never spoke again, but this gracious teacher strengthened my belief in doing what my mother always taught me: Write thank-you notes― 10. never know how many people your kindness can touch.

五、完形填空

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Keeping it in the family.

“You understand grandmother when she talks to you, don’t you, darling” The girl nods. I met her, her Japanese mother and English father on a plane to Japan. The parents were eager to ____ their experience of bringing up their daughter bilingually (使用双语地) in London. It isn’t easy: the husband does not speak Japanese, so the child hears the language only from her mother, who has come to ____ that the girl will reply in English. This can be painful. Not sharing your first language with loved ones is hard. Not passing it on to your own child can be especially tough. Many immigrant parents feel a sense of ____.

Children learn languages easily, but this doesn’t mean that ____ exposure is enough. They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it―and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably. This is mental work, and a child who doesn’t have an intention to speak a language will often avoid it. So languages often die when parents move abroad. In the past, governments discouraged immigrant families from keeping their languages. These days, officials tend to be ____; some even see a valuable resource in immigrants’ language abilities. Yet many factors ensure that children still lose their parents’ languages, or never learn them. A big one is institutional ____. A child’s time spent with a second language is time not spent on their first. So teachers often discourage parents from speaking their languages to their children. Parents often ____ obey, worried about their children’s education. This is a(n) ____, for children really can master two languages or even more. Research does indeed suggest their vocabulary in each language may be somewhat smaller for a while, but other studies hint at intellectual advantages among bilinguals. They may be more skillful at complex tasks, better at maintaining attention.

Even without those side effects, ____, a bilingual child’s connection to another culture is a good thing in itself. How to ____ When both parents share the native language, the strategy is often to speak that at home, and the national language outside. But when they have ____ languages, perhaps the most common approach is “one parent, one language”. Francois Grosjean, a language expert from Switzerland, ____ the necessity. He recommends reserving occasions on which the only language that may be spoken is the one that needs ____. Sabine Little, a language expert at the University of Sheffield, puts the emphasis elsewhere. Making the native language yet another task ____ by parents can lead to rejection, she argues. She recommends letting the child form their own ____ connection to the language, for languages are not just another thing to be drilled into a young mind, but a matter of the heart.

1.A. concealB. publicizeC. discussD. imagine

2.A. acceptB. argueC. decideD. ensure

3.A. excitementB. inferiorityC. failureD. injustice

4.A. momentaryB. maximumC. repeatedD. continued

5.A. less stimulatedB. less controllingC. more relievedD. more discouraging

6.A. engagementB. featureC. prejudiceD. pressure

7.A. cheerfullyB. faithfullyC. immediatelyD. reluctantly

8.A. instanceB. shameC. ambitionD. suggestion

9.A. thoughB. henceC. besidesD. otherwise

10.A. keep it upB. carry it onC. figure it outD. bring it about

11.A. multipleB. differentC. foreignD. target

12.A. removesB. challengesC. emphasisesD. ignores

13.A. preservationB. restrictionC. rejectionD. connection

14.A. performedB. imposedC. sharedD. recommended

15.A. skillfulB. powerfulC. apparentD. emotional

六、阅读理解

The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers’ questions―where was I going and why was I traveling alone My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.

“Why don’t you travel with us” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.

It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel’s swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I’ve backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.

On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phone.

1.By “My stomach was in knots” (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was ______.

A. sick of riding on a bumpy busB. nervous of meeting strangers

C. upset about the sudden changeD. sorry about the impractical plan

2.Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met.

A. Courageous but disrespectful.B. Jobless and poorly educated.

C. Warmhearted and trustworthy.D. Homeless but lighthearted.

3.The author’s sixth sense told her that ______.

A. she would get along with the backpackersB. it might cause trouble to have a swim

C. she ought to stay away from the backpackersD. it could add excitement to get a free ride

4.What can be inferred from the passage.

A. Most of the backpackers became the author’s lifelong friends.

B. The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler.

C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.

D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.

Is it wrong―either grammatically or in terms of style―to mix the simple past tense with the past perfect in one sentence To give an example, the following seems a bit heavy and awkward to me: “There had been a time when she had been happier.’ I prefer: ‘There had been a time when she was happier.’ Any thoughts―ALEX

I think the second version is the correct one―it’s shorter and clearer. Rather than focusing on tenses, focus on the clean, short sentence. If something seems heavy and awkward to you, the writer―then it probably is. Always short sentences.―DIANA

I have constructed texts for a range of children’s picture books all based on working profession: bus driver, postman, footballer, cleaner, teacher, policeman to list a few. I’ve listed about thirty professions so far. I thought of titling them as Mr Bus Driver, Mr Postman and so on. Would I be infringing (侵权) the Mr Men titles if I did or should I think of something else.―RAJIV

The Mr Men stories are based on characteristics, not on jobs―Mr Lazy, Mr Noisy, etc―so they bear no relation to your projects. However, you will come under fire from gender equality supporters―every job you list could equally be done by a woman. No teacher and few parents would find work useful if it implies that all professions are open only to men. I advise you to look at modern children’s books in a library or bookshop.―DIANA

1.Alex wants to know how to ______.

A. avoid uncertain terms in writingB. use tenses properly in one sentence

C. improve grammatical skillsD. focus on clear and short sentences

2.Diana reminds Rajiv that he will be severely criticized for ______.

A. tending to hold gender prejudiceB. breaking the law using Mr Men titles

C. not characterizing enough professionsD. not running a project related to education

3.Which of the following questions is not supposed to be asked if you email Diana.

A. Is there a good market for traditional poems these days

B. Can you possibly evaluate my recently written novel enclosed

C. Where can I get some instructive books on writing for my son

D. How can I write an appropriate acknowledgement for my book

Studies show that older people tend to remember the positive things in life rather than the negative things, while younger people remember the positive and negative equally well. The dominant psychological theory to explain this is that older people are aware of their limited time left, so they prioritize positive emotional experiences. But about a decade ago, I worked with biologist Robert Trivers on his idea that there was an evolutionary basis for older people’s increased positive outlook. Our research took us in the fascinating direction of exploring how the body uses its energy.

When our ancestors needed more energy than usual, perhaps while being chased by a tiger, they had to get that energy from somewhere in the body. Could they borrow it from the brain That organ uses 20 percent of our metabolic (新陈代谢) output, whether we are solving math problems or watching television reruns. Due to this constant energy requirement, borrowing energy from the brain when our need surpasses the available supply is not an option. Perhaps we could borrow energy from our muscles. Because we use far more muscle energy when we are active than when at rest, in principle, we could borrow energy when we are sitting. But the problem is that most of the energy-demanding emergencies of our ancestors required a muscular response. There was no way to borrow energy from our muscles during an emergency because relaxing when a tiger showed up was not an effective response. This brings us to our immune system, which, when strong, protects us from many illnesses and diseases. Like the brain, the immune system works at great metabolic cost, but largely in the service of keeping us healthy in the future. We have an enormous number of immune cells coursing through our body, a momentary break from production is fine. So, when our body needs extra energy, one of the places it goes is our immune function. When you’re being chased by a tiger, you don’t need to waste energy making immune cells to fight off tomorrow’s cold. What you need is to shift all available energy resources to your legs, with the hope that you will live to experience another cough or sneeze.

As a result, our immune system evolved to run in maximum amounts when we’re happy, but to slow down dramatically when we’re not. With this background in mind, Trivers supposed that older people evolved a strategy of turning this relationship on its head, becoming more focused on the positive things in life in an effort to enhance their immune functioning. This was helped along by their knowing much more about the world than younger adults, so they can deal with some of the unpleasant things in life more easily.

1.According to Robert Trivers, when our body needs extra energy, ______.

A. muscles will respond to it by relaxing a little bit

B. organs will speed up metabolic processes to answer it

C. immune system will temporarily shut down to fulfill it

D. brain will satisfy it by sharing optional metabolic output

2.In paragraph 3 “this relationship” most probably refers to the one between ______.

A. experiences and related knowledgeB. happiness and biological evolution

C. immune function and healthD. optimism and length of life

3.What can be concluded from Robert Trivers’ study.

A. Younger people adopt strategies of handling tense situations from everyday life.

B. Our ancestors evolved their immune systems in fighting against fierce animals.

C. Realizing that their days are numbered, older people prefer being positive.

D. Being negative drains energy from our body, lowering resistance to disease.

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage.

A. Brain, muscles and immune systemB. Age, health and happiness

C. Ancestors, emergency and evolutionD. Energy, effort and response

七、七选五

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Spacewalk!

Most people don’t know that the anniversary of an important event in space exploration occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.

1. In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. 2. Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.

Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs. 3. On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity―about 17 percent of Earth’s, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon’s surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren’t the only danger to astronauts.

The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles (颗粒) left over from the numerous meteorite (陨石) strikes on the moon. 4. When astronauts would leave the moon’s gravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut’s eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astronauts safe also means keeping their suits clean.

A. However, EVAs don’t just happen in empty space.

B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.

C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.

D. Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space exploration or spacesuits.

E. Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional.

F. There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective.

八、概要写作

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Holding Parents Responsible―An Unfair Punishment

The rise in teen crime suggests that some parents are failing at their parental tasks. To correct the problem, lawmakers in some states require parents to serve jail time. They hope that this punishment will motivate parents to take their responsibilities seriously.

Despite public support for parental responsibility laws, many people think that the laws are unfair. They suggest that parents should not be punished for the criminal acts of their children, unless it can be shown there is a related fault on the parents’ part. For example, if young teenagers are arrested for drinking alcohol supplied by parents, then parents should be held responsible because they helped the teenagers break the law. People who oppose parental responsibility laws also believe that punishing parents is unlikely to create a change in the kids’ behavior. These people argue that parents may not be at fault. The children of good parents can fall in with the wrong kids and get into trouble, they say. Worse yet, if mom is in jail, there may be no one at all to control her kid. That lack of control may then lead to more crime.

The unfortunate fact is that jailing a mom or dad punishes the rest of the family. The jailed parent cannot work to help feed the family or pay the rent. A parent who is sent to jail for the crimes of a teenager may also be fired from a job for missing too much work. Furthermore, little evidence exists to support the idea that the threat of punishment improves a parents’ ability to control a teenager. The problem is that some teens cannot be controlled by their parents, even if the parents try hard to control them. These struggling parents are not ignoring their parental responsibilities. Opponents of parental responsibility laws say that parents who are in this situation need help, not a jail sentence.

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九、汉译英

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。(must)

____________________________

2.在上海处处可见行人为坐在轮椅上的"老人或残疾人让路。(make way)

____________________________

3.新生身处不习惯的学习环境，产生焦虑是很自然的。(It)

____________________________

4.唯有亲临这部音乐剧的现场，你才会明白为何六十年来每场演出都座无虚席。(Only)

____________________________

十、提纲类作文

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假如你是明启中学的学生李华。为丰富学生的在校生活，你校学生会计划开设一个活动室，向学生征询如何布置的建议。请你给学生会主席王平写一份电子邮件，邮件必须包括:

你的建议或设想

你的理由

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